An optical film includes a low-refractive-index layer that includes a plurality of lens portions, and a high-refractive-index layer that fills a space between the plurality of lens portions. The lens portions each have a columnar shape and have a flat portion at an end thereof, and are arranged two-dimensionally. Distances between portions of the lens portions satisfy the following equation:

((P.sub.A−((A.sub.IN+A.sub.EX)/2))×(P.sub.B−((B.sub.IN+B.sub.EX)/2)))/(P.sub.A×P.sub.B) is 0.42 or greater and 0.70 or less.

Disclosed are an optical laminate and an optical display apparatus including the same. The optical laminate includes: a polarizer; and a retardation layer stacked on a light incidence surface of the polarizer, wherein the retardation layer includes a positive C layer, the positive C layer having an in-plane retardation of 0 nm to 30 nm and an out-of-plane retardation of −50 nm to −15 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the positive C layer at a wavelength of 550 nm and an absolute value of a tilted angle of a slow axis of the positive C layer with respect to a light absorption axis of the polarizer satisfy Relation 1.

Provided is a wire grid polarization plate that has heat resistance and excellent polarization properties, and has durability even in a thin wire structure with a small pitch, and an optical apparatus and a manufacturing method of a polarization plate. A periodic lamellar structure is formed with a material forming arrangement by self-assembling performance, and then, is metallized, and thus, metal wires arranged at a small pitch are prepared, and the obtained wires are fixed by a dielectric material.

An OLED device includes a substrate having a display region including a pixel region and first and second peripheral regions surrounding the pixel region. A bending region is between the display region and the second peripheral region. A buffer layer has a first opening exposing an upper surface of the substrate. A plurality of pixel structures is disposed in the pixel region on the buffer layer. An insulation layer structure is disposed on the buffer layer. The insulation layer structure has a second opening exposing an upper surface of the substrate that is disposed in the bending region and a first portion of the buffer layer that is disposed adjacent to the bending region. A fan-out wiring is disposed between two adjacent insulation layers of the plurality of insulation layers. The fan-out wiring is disposed in the first peripheral region and/or the second peripheral region.

A distance measuring apparatus includes a light source to emit light beams, an optical scanner to scan the light beams output from the light source over a predetermined range, a light receiver to receive reflected light obtained as a result of the light beams being reflected by a target object, and to output detection signals, and a control circuit to measure a distance to the target object based on the detection signals. The light source including a plurality of light-emitting device groups that are arranged in a scan direction of a scan performed by the optical scanner, and the control circuit being to make the plurality of light-emitting device groups emit light at respective different timings in a single scan, and to measure the distance to the target object based on a sum of the detection signals.

A side chain type polymer liquid crystalline compound with which a light absorption anisotropic film having a high alignment degree can be formed, which includes a liquid crystalline composition, a light absorption anisotropic film which is formed of the liquid crystalline composition, a laminate, and an image display device. A liquid crystalline composition contains a side chain type polymer liquid crystalline compound and a dichroic substance, the side chain type polymer liquid crystalline compound is a copolymer having repeating units 1 and 2, the repeating unit 1 has a mesogenic group and an electron-withdrawing group having a Hammett's substituent constant σp of greater than 0 at a terminal of the mesogenic group, and the repeating unit 2 has a mesogenic group and a group having a Hammett's substituent constant σp of 0 or less at a terminal of the mesogenic group.

Methods and systems for a financial card with dynamic viewing angles are disclosed. A first portion of indicia and a second portion of indicia can be disposed on a first surface and/or a second surface of a financial card. The first portion of the indicia can be viewable only from at least a first viewing angle. The second portion of the indicia can be viewable only from at least a second viewing angle, the second viewing angle being different from the first viewing angle.

Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems, methods, and processes for constructing a contact lens. In one embodiment, a contact lens assembly is provided, comprising: a curved polymer polarizer with an aperture; a lenslet disposed inside the aperture wherein the lenslet enables imaging near objects; and a filter attached to the lenslet. In further embodiments, a method for fabricating a flexible contact lens is provided, comprising: fabricating an element having an extrusion; providing a front concave mold, wherein the front mold has an intrusion to accommodate the extrusion of the optical element; affixing the extrusion of the optical element to the intrusion of the front mold; attaching a back convex mold to the front concave mold, thereby forming a mold cavity; and filling the mold cavity with a pre-polymerized liquid, whereby upon polymerization, the pre-polymerized liquid forms the flexible contact lens and the optical element is partially encapsulated within the lens.

One embodiment of the present disclosure provides an external detection see-through door of a cabinet that stores objects. The external detection see-through door includes a transmission window, a sensor configured to detect a specific external condition in front of the transmission window, a light emitting module configured to increase an amount of emitted light according to a signal from the sensor, which has detected the specific external condition, to increase an amount of light that is reflected from inside the cabinet and heads toward the transmission window, and an optical film that is provided on the transmission window and has a light transmittance that prevents the cabinet from being see-through from the outside before the sensor detects the specific condition and allows the cabinet to be see-through from the outside due to light that is reflected from inside the cabinet and transmitted through the transmission window and the optical film due to the light emitting module increasing the amount of emitted light according to the signal from the sensor that has detected the specific external condition.

The present disclosure provides a display module stack structure and a display device. The display module stack structure includes: a flexible display panel module including a light-exiting surface and a back surface opposite to the light-exiting surface; a polarization layer stacked on one side of the light-exiting surface of the flexible display panel module; a first adhesive layer stacked on one side of the polarization layer away from the flexible display panel module; a protection cover plate stacked on one side of the first adhesive layer away from the flexible display panel module; a second adhesive layer stacked on one side of the back surface of the flexible display panel module; a protection layer stacked on one side of the second adhesive layer away from the flexible display panel module; and a resilient layer stacked on one side of the protection layer away from the second adhesive layer.