An optical arrangement for direct laser interference structuring. A laser beam is directed to a reflecting mirror with inclined surface and strikes a first beam splitter, it is divided into two partial beams and one partial beam is deflected to a focusing element. The second partial laser beam is directed to a first pentamirror and after multiple reflection and/or refraction, the focusing element, or it is directed to a second beam splitter and is divided into a first partial beam and a third partial beam. The partial beams are directed to the focusing element by the first pentamirror and are directed by the focusing element to the surface to be structured interfering with each other. The reflecting mirror is moved in a translational manner, maintaining a 45° angle parallel to the optical axes of the emitted laser beam influencing the interference period Λ.

A system for producing an optical fiber with inscribed grating array is described. The system comprises a fiber drawing apparatus for drawing an optical fiber, a writing system for inscribing a grating in the optical fiber during the drawing process of the optical fiber and a controller for controlling the driving of the writing system. According to the present invention the fiber drawing apparatus also comprises a fiber length and/or drawing detecting means for determining the fiber length and/or fiber drawing speed and/or a fiber drawing parameter during the drawing process. The controller thereby is configured for capturing information from the fiber length and/or drawing detecting means and for controlling the writing system based on the captured information captured from the fiber length and/or drawing detecting means.

A system for producing an optical fiber with inscribed grating array is described. The system comprises a fiber drawing apparatus for drawing an optical fiber, a writing system for inscribing a grating in the optical fiber during the drawing process of the optical fiber and a controller for controlling the driving of the writing system. According to the present invention the fiber drawing apparatus also comprises a fiber length and/or drawing detecting means for determining the fiber length and/or fiber drawing speed and/or a fiber drawing parameter during the drawing process. The controller thereby is configured for capturing information from the fiber length and/or drawing detecting means and for controlling the writing system based on the captured information captured from the fiber length and/or drawing detecting means.

A method, system, and computer program product for using photorefractive material for analog optic storage and other applications of optical neuromorphic systems. The method may include coupling electromagnetic radiation into a first optical input and a second optical input, where the first optical input and the second optical input are part of an integrated optical device, the integrated optical device including: a first optical mode coupler connected to a first pair of optical ports including a first optical input and output; a second optical mode coupler connected to a second pair of optical ports including a second optical input and output, and the first optical mode coupler connected to the second optical mode coupler using a pair of arms (including a photorefractive material). The method may also include obtaining an optical interference pattern in the photorefractive material of each arm of the integrated optical device.

A method, system, and computer program product for using photorefractive material for analog optic storage and other applications of optical neuromorphic systems. The method may include coupling electromagnetic radiation into a first optical input and a second optical input, where the first optical input and the second optical input are part of an integrated optical device, the integrated optical device including: a first optical mode coupler connected to a first pair of optical ports including a first optical input and output; a second optical mode coupler connected to a second pair of optical ports including a second optical input and output, and the first optical mode coupler connected to the second optical mode coupler using a pair of arms (including a photorefractive material). The method may also include obtaining an optical interference pattern in the photorefractive material of each arm of the integrated optical device.

An optical fiber sensing apparatus, system, and method capable of in operando and/or in situ monitoring a state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage device such as a capacitor or a battery is provided. The apparatus comprises an optical fiber having a surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-stimulating structure, exemplarily including a tilted grating in a core, and a SPR-active layer coating a cladding, of the optical fiber. The apparatus is configured such that when arranged in a close proximity with an electrode of the energy storage device, SPR waves are stimulated upon receiving an actuating light. Through analysis of signals of the SPR waves, the SOC of the energy storage device can be determined. The apparatus can also be utilized to capture non-SPR optical waves, analysis of which can further derive information such as temperature, pressure, strain, etc. of the energy storage device and/or be used for calibration.

Systems and methods for recording holographic gratings in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a holographic recording system including a first movable platform configured to support a first plurality of waveguide cells for exposure, at least one master grating, and at least one laser source configured to provide a set of recording beams by directing light towards the at least one master grating, wherein the first movable platform is translatable in predefined steps along at least one of two orthogonal directions, and wherein at each the predefined step at least one waveguide cell is positioned to be illuminated by at least one recording beam within the set of recording beams.

An optical arrangement for direct laser interference structuring, a laser beam is directed to a reflecting element with inclined surface and strikes a first beam splitter, is divided into two partial beams and one partial beam is deflected to a focusing optical element. The second partial beam is directed to a first pentamirror and, after multiple reflection and/or refraction, the focusing optical element, or it is directed to a second beam splitter, and it is divided into a first partial beam of the second partial beam and a third partial beam. Said partial beams are directed to the focusing element by the first pentamirror and partial beams are directed by the focusing optical element to the surface to be structured interfering with each other. The reflecting element is moved in a translational manner, maintaining a 45 angle, parallel to the optical axis of the laser beam emitted by the laser beam source, influencing the interference period A.

A monitoring system monitors changes in an index of refraction of the grating over a time interval that includes the period of time. The monitoring system includes a light source assembly, a probing assembly, a power meter (e.g., a diffraction and/or a transmittance power meter), and a controller. The light source assembly emits a probe beam. The scanning assembly scans the probe beam over an area of the grating. The power meter measures power of a portion of the probe beam that interacts (e.g., is transmitted by or diffracted from) with the area of the grating. The controller determines changes in grating parameters (may be as a function of time) for the grating being formed based in part on measured power readings over the time interval.

Provided are a device and method for fabricating an optical fiber Bragg grating, comprising a laser device, a laser shaping device, a laser interference device, a clamping movable device, and an organic-solution filling device; a liquid filling port of the clamping movable device is connected to the output port of the organic-solution filling device; the laser device emits laser light to the laser shaping device; the laser shaping device shapes the laser light, then transmits it to the laser interference device; the laser interference device splits the laser into two laser beams; the two laser beams interfere and periodically distributed laser interference fringes are obtained; the organic-solution filling device fills and attaches the organic solution to the surface of the inner wall of an hollow-core fiber; the clamping movable device moves the hollow-core fiber.