A polarization-maintaining dispersion-compensation microstructure fiber includes an inner core, an air-hole array in area 1 and an air-hole array in area 2. The air holes in the area 1 and 2 air-hole arrays are arranged in square lattice. The air-hole arrays in areas 1 and 2 are dislocated by half-layer along y-direction. In area 1, 2 air holes in the middle row are omitted to form a solid area as the inner core. 2 outer cores are located in 2 sub-areas of area 2, and each outer core contains 2 air holes. The long (or short) axes of the inner and outer cores are perpendicular, and the center points of the inner core and the two outer cores are located on the x-axis. The optical mode has a large negative dispersion in a certain polarized direction of the inner core, and the microstructure fiber can maintain the polarized direction of this mode during transmission.

Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

A method and a system for generating a time-frequency representation of an aperiodic continuous input signal comprising generating a periodic train of short pulses having a repetition frequency, and sampling the signal temporally using the periodic train of short pulses to obtain a temporally sampled signal, the temporally sampled signal comprising a plurality of sampled copies of the input signal, each sampled copy being spaced in function of the repetition frequency of the periodic train of short pulses. The temporally sampled signal is delayed based on the repetition frequency to obtain a delayed temporally sampled signal comprising a plurality of delayed sampled copies, a spectral representation of a given delayed sampled copy being delayed in function of the repetition frequency. The delayed temporally sampled signal is evaluated over consecutive time slots to obtain, for each consecutive time slot, a respective output signal in the time-frequency domain.

Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

Embodiments include a fiber to photonic chip coupling system including a collimating lens which collimate a light transmitted from a light source and an optical grating including a plurality of grating sections. The system also includes an optical dispersion element which separates the collimated light from the collimating lens into a plurality of light beams and direct each of the plurality of light beams to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections. Each light beam in the plurality of light beams is diffracted from the optical dispersion element at a different wavelength a light beam of the plurality of light beams is directed to a respective section of the plurality of grating sections at a respective incidence angle based on the wavelength of the light beam of the plurality of light beams to provide optimum grating coupling.

In some embodiments, an optical fiber transmission link, includes a length of dispersion compensating fiber (DCF), the dispersion compensating fiber coupled to a length of single-mode fiber (SMF) having a zero dispersion wavelength of 1300 nm to 1324 nm; wherein the optical fiber transmission link comprising the dispersion compensating fiber coupled to the single-mode fiber and operating at wavelengths between 1265 nm and 1375 nm increases maximum link lengths of the optical fiber transmission link by more than 60% as compared to the link length of the optical fiber transmission link with the single-mode fiber only; and wherein the maximum link length is calculated from the maximum allowed positive and negative accumulated dispersion at wavelengths between 1265 nm and 1375 nm.

A method and a system for generating a time-frequency representation of an aperiodic continuous input signal comprising generating a periodic train of short pulses having a repetition frequency, and sampling the signal temporally using the periodic train of short pulses to obtain a temporally sampled signal, the temporally sampled signal comprising a plurality of sampled copies of the input signal, each sampled copy being spaced in function of the repetition frequency of the periodic train of short pulses. The temporally sampled signal is delayed based on the repetition frequency to obtain a delayed temporally sampled signal comprising a plurality of delayed sampled copies, a spectral representation of a given delayed sampled copy being delayed in function of the repetition frequency. The delayed temporally sampled signal is evaluated over consecutive time slots to obtain, for each consecutive time slot, a respective output signal in the time-frequency domain.

The present disclosure provides a few mode optical fiber (100). The few mode optical fiber (100) includes a core region (102). A core region (102) defined by a region around a central longitudinal axis (116) of the few mode optical fiber (100). In addition, the core region (102) has a first annular region (106) extended from central longitudinal axis (116) to radius r.sub.1, a second annular region (108) extended from radius r.sub.1 to radius r.sub.2, a third annular region (110) extended from radius r.sub.2 to radius r.sub.3, a fourth annular region (112) extended from radius r.sub.3 to radius r.sub.4 and a fifth annular region (114) extended from radius r.sub.4 to radius r.sub.5. Also, the few mode optical fiber (100) has a cladding defined by the sixth annular region (104) extended from radius r.sub.5 to radius r.sub.6.