A dispersion shifted optical fiber where a radius r.sub.0 of a first center segment is 0.5 μm to 2.8 μm, and a relative refractive index difference Δ.sub.0 is 0.4% or more and 0.9% or less. A radius r.sub.1 of a first segment is 1.8 μm or more and 4.5 μm or less. A radius r.sub.2 of a second segment is 4.0 μm or more and 8.0 μm or less, and a relative refractive index difference Δ.sub.2 is 0.00% or more and 0.07% or less. A radius r.sub.3 of a third segment is 4.5 μm or more and 8.5 μm or less, and a relative refractive index difference Δ.sub.3 is 0.285% or more and 0.5% or less. A radius r.sub.4 of a fourth segment is 8.0 μm or more and 16.0 μm or less, and a relative refractive index difference Δ.sub.4 is 0.005% or more and 0.04% or less.

Multiplexed reflection and transmission gratings, and methods of their manufacture, are provided that improve uniformity with laser light, that is, reduced banding and other illumination artifacts occurring in waveguides. The mechanism for this can be the multiple reflections between the waveguide reflecting surfaces and the reflection hologram, which promote illumination averaging as beam propagation processes within a waveguide. In some gratings, a beam splitter layer overlapping the multiplexed gratings can be provided for the purposes of reducing banding in a laser-illuminated waveguide. The beam splitter can be provided by one or more dielectric layers. The beamsplitter can have sensitivity to one polarization. The beamsplitter can be sensitive to S-polarization. The beam splitter can be an anti-reflection coating optimized for normal incidence that becomes reflective at high TIR angles when immersed in glass or plastic.

Multiplexed reflection and transmission gratings, and methods of their manufacture, are provided that improve uniformity with laser light, that is, reduced banding and other illumination artifacts occurring in waveguides. The mechanism for this can be the multiple reflections between the waveguide reflecting surfaces and the reflection hologram, which promote illumination averaging as beam propagation processes within a waveguide. In some gratings, a beam splitter layer overlapping the multiplexed gratings can be provided for the purposes of reducing banding in a laser-illuminated waveguide. The beam splitter can be provided by one or more dielectric layers. The beamsplitter can have sensitivity to one polarization. The beamsplitter can be sensitive to S-polarization. The beam splitter can be an anti-reflection coating optimized for normal incidence that becomes reflective at high TIR angles when immersed in glass or plastic.

Multiplexed reflection and transmission gratings, and methods of their manufacture, are provided that improve uniformity with laser light, that is, reduced banding and other illumination artifacts occurring in waveguides. The mechanism for this can be the multiple reflections between the waveguide reflecting surfaces and the reflection hologram, which promote illumination averaging as beam propagation processes within a waveguide. In some gratings, a beam splitter layer overlapping the multiplexed gratings can be provided for the purposes of reducing banding in a laser-illuminated waveguide. The beam splitter can be provided by one or more dielectric layers. The beamsplitter can have sensitivity to one polarization. The beamsplitter can be sensitive to S-polarization. The beam splitter can be an anti-reflection coating optimized for normal incidence that becomes reflective at high TIR angles when immersed in glass or plastic.

Multiplexed reflection and transmission gratings, and methods of their manufacture, are provided that improve uniformity with laser light, that is, reduced banding and other illumination artifacts occurring in waveguides. The mechanism for this can be the multiple reflections between the waveguide reflecting surfaces and the reflection hologram, which promote illumination averaging as beam propagation processes within a waveguide. In some gratings, a beam splitter layer overlapping the multiplexed gratings can be provided for the purposes of reducing banding in a laser-illuminated waveguide. The beam splitter can be provided by one or more dielectric layers. The beamsplitter can have sensitivity to one polarization. The beamsplitter can be sensitive to S-polarization. The beam splitter can be an anti-reflection coating optimized for normal incidence that becomes reflective at high TIR angles when immersed in glass or plastic.

Single mode optical fibers with a chlorine doped core and a cladding having a fluorine doped trench region are disclosed. The optical fiber includes a chlorine doped silica core having a core alpha 10, a core radius r.sub.1 and maximum refractive index delta .sub.1max % and a Cl concentration0.9 wt %. The optical fiber also has a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding having an inner and an outer cladding. The inner cladding has first and second cladding regions. The optical fiber has mode field diameter at 1310 nm of larger than 9 microns, a cable cutoff wavelength of 1260 nm, a zero dispersion wavelength .sub.0, where 1300 nm.sub.01324 nm, and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

A dispersion shifted optical fiber where a radius r.sub.0 of a first center segment is 0.5 m to 2.8 m, and a relative refractive index difference .sub.0 is 0.4% or more and 0.9% or less. A radius r.sub.1 of a first segment is 1.8 m or more and 4.5 m or less. A radius r.sub.2 of a second segment is 4.0 m or more and 8.0 m or less, and a relative refractive index difference .sub.2 is 0.00% or more and 0.07% or less. A radius r.sub.3 of a third segment is 4.5 m or more and 8.5 m or less, and a relative refractive index difference .sub.3 is 0.285% or more and 0.5% or less. A radius r.sub.4 of a fourth segment is 8.0 m or more and 16.0 m or less, and a relative refractive index difference .sub.4 is 0.005% or more and 0.04% or less.

An optical fiber comprising: (i) a chlorine doped silica based core comprising a core alpha ()>10, and maximum refractive index delta .sub.1max % and Cl concentration >1 wt %; (ii) a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding comprising: (a) an inner cladding region adjacent to and in contact with the core and having a refractive index delta .sub.2 and a minimum refractive index delta .sub.2min such that .sub.2min<.sub.1max, the inner cladding region comprising fluorine doped silica and the refractive index delta .sub.2 with region that decreases with radial position, and (b) an outer cladding region surrounding the inner cladding region and having refractive index delta .sub.3, such that .sub.2min<.sub.3. The fiber has mode field diameter MFD at 1310 nm of 9 microns, a cable cutoff of 1260 nm, zero dispersion wavelength of 1300 nmzero dispersion wavelength 1324 nm and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

An optical fiber comprising: (i) a chlorine doped silica based core comprising a core alpha ()>10, and maximum refractive index delta .sub.1max % and Cl concentration >1 wt %; (ii) a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding comprising: (a) an inner cladding region adjacent to and in contact with the core and having a refractive index delta .sub.2 and a minimum refractive index delta .sub.2min such that .sub.2min<.sub.1max, the inner cladding region comprising fluorine doped silica and the refractive index delta .sub.2 with region that decreases with radial position, and (b) an outer cladding region surrounding the inner cladding region and having refractive index delta .sub.3, such that .sub.2min<.sub.3. The fiber has mode field diameter MFD at 1310 nm of 9 microns, a cable cutoff of 1260 nm, zero dispersion wavelength of 1300 nmzero dispersion wavelength 1324 nm and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

Single mode optical fibers with a chlorine doped core and a cladding having a fluorine doped trench region are disclosed. The optical fiber includes a chlorine doped silica core having a core alpha 10, a core radius r.sub.1 and maximum refractive index delta .sub.1max % and a Cl concentration0.9 wt %. The optical fiber also has a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding having an inner and an outer cladding. The inner cladding has first and second cladding regions. The optical fiber has mode field diameter at 1310 nm of larger than 9 microns, a cable cutoff wavelength of 1260 nm, a zero dispersion wavelength .sub.0, where 1300 nm.sub.01324 nm, and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.