Metamaterial optics are integrated with vacuum-boundary walls of ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) cells to manipulate light in a manner analogous to various bulk optical elements including lenses, mirrors, beam splitters, polarizers, waveplate, wave guides, frequency modulators, and amplitude modulators. For example, UHV cells can have metasurface lenses formed on interior and/or exterior surfaces on one or more of their vacuum-boundary walls. Each metasurface lens can include a plurality of mesas with the same height and various cross-sectional dimensions. The uses of metasurface lenses allows through-going laser beams to be expanded, collimated or focused without using bulky refractive optics. Each metasurface lens can be formed on a cell wall using photolithographic or other techniques.

A hydraulic accumulator, in particular in the form of a piston accumulator, has an accumulator housing (10) and a separating element (20) arranged in the housing. The separating element is in the form of a piston, which separates a fluid side (22) from a gas side (24). At least the gas side (24) can be inspected, at least in part, by at least one sight glass (34, 36) that is fixed in the accumulator housing (10).

A vehicle includes a body of the vehicle and a sensing system coupled to the body. The sensing system includes optical componentry and a glass material, where the glass material at least in part houses the optical componentry and the glass material is at least partially transparent to light at the wavelength of the optical componentry. Further the glass material has mechanical and performance properties that allow the sensing system to be positioned particularly low on the vehicle, at a position that may be of higher risk for damage from debris.

Methods, devices, and systems for protecting a vacuum environment from leakage are provided. The devices include an optical component for gas-tight closure of the vacuum environment, a retention device configured to retain the optical component and including a cooling region separated from the vacuum environment in a gas-tight manner and configured to receive a cooling medium to cool the optical component, a first part-region of the optical component being arranged in the cooling region, and a reduced-pressure region configured to have a reduced pressure and separated in a gas-tight manner from the vacuum environment and from the cooling region, a second part-region of the optical component being arranged in the reduced-pressure region, and a detector configured to detect a leakage in the optical component when the cooling medium flows from the cooling region into at least one of the reduced-pressure region or the vacuum environment.

An optical assembly for high-G application includes an optical element formed from a brittle material. A rigid frame with a channel surrounds the outer diameter region of the optical element. A compliant material fills the space between the rigid frame and the outer diameter region of the optical element to prevent physical contact between the rigid frame and optical element during a high-G event.

A synthetic diamond plate comprising a polygonal plate formed of synthetic diamond material, the polygonal plate of synthetic diamond material having a thickness in a range 0.4 mm to 1. mm, and rounded corners having a radius of curvature in a range 1 mm to 6 mm. A mounted synthetic diamond plate is also disclosed comprising a polygonal synthetic diamond plate as described and a base to which the polygonal synthetic diamond plate is bonded, wherein the base comprises a cooling channel. An array of mounted synthetic diamond plates is also described, comprising a plurality of mounted synthetic diamond plates described above, wherein the cooling channels of the mounted synthetic diamond plates are linked to form a common cooling channel across the array of mounted synthetic diamond plates.

A vehicle camera is disclosed. A vehicle camera according to at least one embodiment includes a water-repellent coating layer configured to allow a contact angle of water droplets to be formed at at least a predetermined angle, a reflective member having a reflective surface configured to change an optical path, a lens group including at least one or more lenses that have high heat resistance and a glass transition temperature of 140° C. or higher, and an optical filter group including at least one or more optical filters, wherein the water-repellent coating layer, the reflective member, the lens group, and the optical filter group are arranged in order of appearance from an object side along an optical axis.

A lens unit may include lenses and a holder in a tube shape which holds the lenses on an inner side such that in the lenses, a side face of a first lens located on a most object side may include a first side face part which is extended from an outer edge of a first face that is an object side face of the first lens toward an image side, a second side face part which is extended from an object side toward the image side on the image side with respect to the first side face part and an outer side in a radial direction with respect to the first side face part; and a third side face part which connects an image side end part of the first side face part with an object side end part of the second side face part.

A synthetic diamond plate comprising a polygonal plate formed of synthetic diamond material, the polygonal plate of synthetic diamond material having a thickness in a range 0.4 mm to 1.5 mm, and rounded corners having a radius of curvature in a range 1 mm to 6 mm. A mounted synthetic diamond plate is also disclosed comprising a polygonal synthetic diamond plate as described and a base to which the polygonal synthetic diamond plate is bonded, wherein the base comprises a cooling channel. An array of mounted synthetic diamond plates is also described, comprising a plurality of mounted synthetic diamond plates described above, wherein the cooling channels of the mounted synthetic diamond plates are linked to form a common cooling channel across the array of mounted synthetic diamond plates.

A vehicle camera is disclosed. A vehicle camera according to at least one embodiment includes a water-repellent coating layer configured to allow a contact angle of water droplets to be formed at at least a predetermined angle, a reflective member having a reflective surface configured to change an optical path, a lens group including at least one or more lenses that have high heat resistance and a glass transition temperature of 140° C. or higher, and an optical filter group including at least one or more optical filters, wherein the water-repellent coating layer, the reflective member, the lens group, and the optical filter group are arranged in order of appearance from an object side along an optical axis.