A method and an apparatus for collecting powder samples in real-time in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing may involves an ingester system for in-process collection and characterizations of powder samples. The collection may be performed periodically and uses the results of characterizations for adjustments in the powder bed fusion process. The ingester system of the present disclosure is capable of packaging powder samples collected in real-time into storage containers serving a multitude purposes of audit, process adjustments or actions.

A method and an apparatus for collecting powder samples in real-time in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing may involves an ingester system for in-process collection and characterizations of powder samples. The collection may be performed periodically and uses the results of characterizations for adjustments in the powder bed fusion process. The ingester system of the present disclosure is capable of packaging powder samples collected in real-time into storage containers serving a multitude purposes of audit, process adjustments or actions.

A conversion lens attachment structure includes a first magnetic body provided on a conversion lens device that includes a conversion lens, and a second magnetic body provided on a device main body that includes a master lens. The conversion lens device is attached to the device main body due to a first surface of the first magnetic body and a second surface of the second magnetic body being pulled toward each other, and the second magnetic body is provided such that a normal line of the second surface is not parallel to an optical axis of the master lens.

A conversion lens attachment structure includes a first magnetic body provided on a conversion lens device that includes a conversion lens, and a second magnetic body provided on a device main body that includes a master lens. The conversion lens device is attached to the device main body due to a first surface of the first magnetic body and a second surface of the second magnetic body being pulled toward each other, and the second magnetic body is provided such that a normal line of the second surface is not parallel to an optical axis of the master lens.

An image capturing apparatus includes a first mount portion and a first cylindrical member that has a color different from a color of the first mount portion and is disposed in a circumferential direction of the first mount portion, an accessory includes an exterior portion, a second mount portion, and a second cylindrical member having a color different from a color of the second mount portion and similar to a color of the first cylindrical member and disposed in a circumferential direction of the second mount portion, and in a state where the accessory is attached to the image capturing apparatus, reference surfaces of the first mount portion and the second mount portion are in contact with each other, and the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member are externally exposed regardless of whether the accessory is attached to or detached from the image capturing apparatus.

An image capturing apparatus includes a first mount portion and a first cylindrical member that has a color different from a color of the first mount portion and is disposed in a circumferential direction of the first mount portion, an accessory includes an exterior portion, a second mount portion, and a second cylindrical member having a color different from a color of the second mount portion and similar to a color of the first cylindrical member and disposed in a circumferential direction of the second mount portion, and in a state where the accessory is attached to the image capturing apparatus, reference surfaces of the first mount portion and the second mount portion are in contact with each other, and the first cylindrical member and the second cylindrical member are externally exposed regardless of whether the accessory is attached to or detached from the image capturing apparatus.

Fiducial patterns that produce 2D Barker code-like diffraction patterns at a camera sensor are etched or otherwise provided on a cover glass in front of a camera. 2D Barker code kernels, when cross-correlated with the diffraction patterns captured in images by the camera, provide sharp cross-correlation peaks. Misalignment of the cover glass with respect to the camera can be derived by detecting shifts in the location of the detected peaks with respect to calibrated locations. Devices that include multiple cameras behind a cover glass with one or more fiducials on the cover glass in front of each camera are also described. The diffraction patterns caused by the fiducials at the various cameras may be analyzed to detect movement or distortion of the cover glass in multiple degrees of freedom.

Fiducial patterns that produce 2D Barker code-like diffraction patterns at a camera sensor are etched or otherwise provided on a cover glass in front of a camera. 2D Barker code kernels, when cross-correlated with the diffraction patterns captured in images by the camera, provide sharp cross-correlation peaks. Misalignment of the cover glass with respect to the camera can be derived by detecting shifts in the location of the detected peaks with respect to calibrated locations. Devices that include multiple cameras behind a cover glass with one or more fiducials on the cover glass in front of each camera are also described. The diffraction patterns caused by the fiducials at the various cameras may be analyzed to detect movement or distortion of the cover glass in multiple degrees of freedom.

An imaging element incorporates a reading portion that reads out captured image data at a first frame rate, a storage portion that stores the image data, a processing portion that processes the image data, and an output portion that outputs the processed image data at a second frame rate lower than the first frame rate. The reading portion reads out the image data of each of a plurality of frames in parallel. The storage portion stores, in parallel, each image data read out in parallel by the reading portion. The processing portion performs generation processing of generating output image data of one frame using the image data of each of the plurality of frames stored in the storage portion.

An interchangeable lens assembly includes a plurality of lens-side claw portions configured to enable engagement with a plurality of camera-side claw portions, and a lock pin concave portion in which a lock pin is inserted. Furthermore, θ1 is an angle formed by a line passing through a fifth lens-side end and an optical axis, and a line passing through a center of a lock pin concave portion and the optical axis, and θ2 is an angle formed by a line passing through a fourth lens-side end and the optical axis, and a line that passes through the center of the lock pin concave portion and the optical axis. In the above, θ1 and θ2 satisfy a predetermined conditional expression.