A pretilt angle of a liquid crystal molecule on the side of an array substrate is formed such that the liquid crystal molecule goes away from the array substrate in a direction to the left when viewed from a position facing a display surface of a liquid crystal panel. The pretilt angle on the side of a counter substrate is formed such that the liquid crystal molecule goes away from the counter substrate in a direction to the right when viewed from a position facing the display surface. The directions to the left and the right define a direction X corresponding to a horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel. A direction of a delay phase axis of a biaxial phase difference film is arranged in a position rotated anticlockwise in an angular range from over 0° to 1° from the direction X.

A liquid crystal display panel includes a first and second base substrates, a liquid crystal layer and an optical compensation layer. In the liquid crystal layer, a first alignment film is configured to make a part of second liquid crystal molecules proximate to the first alignment film have a first pretilt angle, a second alignment film is configured to make a part of second liquid crystal molecules proximate to the second alignment film have a second pretilt angle. In the optical compensation layer, a third alignment film is configured to make first liquid crystal molecules proximate to the third alignment film have a third pretilt angle. A direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules is parallel to or perpendicular to a direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of second liquid crystal molecules anchored by the first alignment film and the second alignment film.

A liquid crystal display panel (100) comprises a first polarizer (110) and a second polarizer (170), a first liquid crystal layer (130) disposed between the first polarizer (110) and the second polarizer (170), and an optical compensation layer (140) disposed between the first liquid crystal layer (130) and one of the first polarizer (110) and the second polarizer (170). A transmission axis of the first polarizer (110) is perpendicular to a transmission axis of the second polarizer (170). The first liquid crystal layer (130) includes first liquid crystal molecules (130′). An included angle (γ) between an orthographic projection of an optical axis of a first liquid crystal molecule (130′) on the first polarizer (110), which is perpendicular to an orthographic projection of an optical axis of the optical compensation layer (140) on the first polarizer (110), and the transmission axis of the first polarizer (110) is an acute angle,

According to one embodiment, an electronic device includes a first polarizer having a first transmission axis, a first viewing angle control panel including a first liquid crystal layer containing hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules, a second polarizer, a second viewing angle control panel including a second liquid crystal layer containing hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules and a third polarizer. In plan view, an initial alignment direction of horizontally aligned liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer and an initial alignment direction of horizontally aligned liquid crystal molecules of the second liquid crystal layer are parallel to each other and parallel or orthogonal to the first transmission axis.

A liquid crystal lens includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes a first base substrate, a plurality of first electrodes, and a first alignment layer, wherein two adjacent first electrodes of the plurality of first electrodes are insulated from each other, an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of first electrodes on a first surface is an axisymmetric pattern and a centrosymmetric pattern, and center points of the orthographic projections of the plurality of first electrodes on the first surface are in coincidence with each other. The second substrate includes a second base substrate, a plurality of second electrodes, and a second alignment layer, wherein an orientation of the first alignment layer and an orientation of the second alignment layer are perpendicular to each other.

A method for manufacturing a light modulation device is provided. The light modulation device is capable of removing defects such as orientation irregularities. The light modulation device further improves the orientation state in the light modulation device that adjusts orientation of a liquid crystal compound or the like with a liquid crystal alignment film and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or adhesive layer.

A curved display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules, a first alignment layer including reactive mesogens which are polymerized with each other, the first alignment layer being disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and a second alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, where the reactive mesogens have a functional group having charges.

The liquid crystal panel of the present invention sequentially includes: a first substrate including a first electrode; a first alignment film; a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules having a positive anisotropy of dielectric constant; a second alignment film; and a second substrate including a second electrode, the liquid crystal molecules being homogeneously aligned with no voltage applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, a polar anchoring energy 2EA and an azimuthal anchoring energy 2EB of the second alignment film being smaller than a polar anchoring energy 1EA and an azimuthal anchoring energy 1EB of the first alignment film, respectively, the polar anchoring energy 2EA of the second alignment film being not greater than the azimuthal anchoring energy 2EB of the second alignment film.

A transmittance-variable film and a use thereof, where the transmittance-variable film can control pretilt of a liquid crystal interface by applying a liquid crystal alignment film containing splay oriented liquid crystal molecules, and can vertically and horizontally orient a liquid crystal layer or a liquid crystal interface according to an average tilt angle of the liquid crystal alignment film to ensure uniformity of driving and fast response speed. In addition, by applying a liquid crystal alignment film, the transmittance-variable film can be implemented in various modes with a simple coating-drying-curing method excluding the rubbing process by controlling an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal alignment film other than the pretilt control method using the conventional rubbing method.

According to one embodiment, a display device including a display panel which displays images, a polarization axis rotation element located between the display panel and an observer, and a polarizer located between the display panel and the polarization axis rotation element, wherein the polarization axis rotation element includes a first area and a second area different from the first area, and an orientation of a first polarization axis of a first polarization component transmitted through the first area is different from an orientation of a second polarization axis of a second polarization component transmitted through the second area.