A transparent device for use in optical applications, and methods for using and manufacturing the device are disclosed. The device generally requires several layers, including (i) a first layer comprising a transparent conductive oxide (such as indium tin oxide (ITO)), (ii) a second layer comprising a transparent semiconductor (e.g., a pn-heterojunction or a pn-homojunction), the second layer having a surface facing the first layer, (iii) a third layer comprising a liquid crystal (such as E7), the third layer having a surface facing the second layer, and (iv) a fourth layer comprising either a second transparent conductive oxide or a second transparent semiconductor, the fourth layer having a surface facing the third layer. When light illuminates a surface of the transparent metal oxide pn-heterojunction or transparent metal oxide pn-homojunction, it induces photoconductivity, modifying the surface charges.

This application relates to a liquid crystal module, an electronic device, and a screen interaction system. The liquid crystal module may include a liquid crystal panel, a backlight unit, and a photoelectric sensor array. The photoelectric sensor array, the backlight unit, and the liquid crystal panel are sequentially disposed in a stacked manner. The backlight unit includes a reflection component, and at least a partial region of the reflection component is an infrared transmission region in which infrared light can be transmitted. The photoelectric sensor array includes a plurality of photoelectric sensors, and the plurality of photoelectric sensors can receive the infrared light transmitted through the infrared transmission region. In this application, the photoelectric sensor array is disposed in the liquid crystal module to receive an infrared light signal, to provide a low-cost interaction solution for a device having the liquid crystal module.

A detection system for an x-ray or charged particle imaging system utilizes high bandgap, direct conversion x-ray detection materials. The signal of the x-ray/charged particle projection is recorded in a spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal (LC) light valve. The light valve is then read-out by a polarized light optical microscope and a high speed camera. The camera is used to track the blooming spots in the light valve to resolve their intensity, and relate that intensity of the input x-ray photon or charged particle. This allows of spatially resolved, imaging, x-ray and/or charged particle spectrometer.

A display device has a transistor including a gate terminal, a first input-output terminal and a second input-output terminal, the gate terminal connected to a scanning signal line and the first input-output terminal connected to a video signal line, a photoconductive element including a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal connected to the second input-output terminal of the transistor and the second terminal connected to a first power line, and a light-emitting element including a third terminal and a fourth terminal, the third terminal connected to the second input-output terminal of the transistor and the fourth terminal connected to a second power line.

An image output device of the disclosure facilitates enlargement of a stereoscopic image and includes a spatial light modulator, an image irradiation unit, and an address light irradiation unit. The spatial light modulator includes a main surface, a back surface, and pixels, reflects light emitted to the main surface, and modulates a phase of the light for each pixel. The image irradiation unit irradiates the main surface with light including an optical image. The address light irradiation unit irradiates the back surface with address light including a diffraction grating pattern. Each pixel of the spatial light modulator changes a phase modulation amount according to the intensity of the address light from a back surface. The address light irradiation unit dynamically change a diffraction grating pattern's direction on the back surface. The image irradiation unit irradiates the main surface with the optical image corresponding to the diffraction grating pattern's direction.

A transparent device for use in optical applications, and methods for using and manufacturing the device are disclosed. The device generally requires several layers, including (i) a first layer comprising a transparent conductive oxide (such as indium tin oxide (ITO)), (ii) a second layer comprising a transparent semiconductor (e.g., a pn-heterojunction or a pn-homojunction), the second layer having a surface facing the first layer, (iii) a third layer comprising a liquid crystal (such as E7), the third layer having a surface facing the second layer, and (iv) a fourth layer comprising either a second transparent conductive oxide or a second transparent semiconductor, the fourth layer having a surface facing the third layer. When light illuminates a surface of the transparent metal oxide pn-heterojunction or transparent metal oxide pn-homojunction, it induces photoconductivity, modifying the surface charges.

An optical device (100) for forming a distribution of a three-dimensional light field comprises: an array (102) of unit cells (104), a unit cell (104) being individually addressable for switching the optical property of the unit cell (104) between a first and a second condition; wherein the unit cells (104) are configured to be selectively active or inactive and wherein the array (102) comprises at least a first and a second disjoint subset (110; 112; 114; 116), and wherein the unit cells (104) in a subset (110; 112; 114; 116) are configured to be jointly switched from inactive to active, wherein the active unit cells (104) are configured to interact with an incident light beam (106) for forming the distribution of the three-dimensional light field; and wherein the optical device (100) is configured to address inactive unit cells (104) for switching the optical property of unit cells (104).

The invention concerns a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (101) comprising: a liquid crystal layer (7); and on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer (7), at least one photovoltaic cell (456), each photovoltaic cell (456) comprising a photosensitive layer (5) comprising electron-donating (D) molecules and electron accepting (A) molecules, each photovoltaic cell (456) being arranged for spontaneous photovoltage under illumination. Electron-donating molecules and electron accepting molecules are preferably blended and form preferably an organic bulk heterojunction layer. The photosensitive layer (5) of each photovoltaic cell (456) is preferably comprised between: —an electron conducting layer (4) arranged for a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5), and —an electron hole conducting layer (6) arranged for a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5).

A transparent device for use in optical applications, and methods for using and manufacturing the device are disclosed. The device generally requires several layers, including (i) a first layer comprising a transparent conductive oxide (such as indium tin oxide (ITO)), (ii) a second layer comprising a transparent semiconductor (e.g., a pn-heterojunction or a pn-homojunction), the second layer having a surface facing the first layer, (iii) a third layer comprising a liquid crystal (such as E7), the third layer having a surface facing the second layer, and (iv) a fourth layer comprising either a second transparent conductive oxide or a second transparent semiconductor, the fourth layer having a surface facing the third layer. When light illuminates a surface of the transparent metal oxide pn-heterojunction or transparent metal oxide pn-homojunction, it induces photoconductivity, modifying the surface charges.

A detection system for an x-ray microscopy system utilizes high bandgap, direct conversion x-ray detection materials. The signal of the x-ray projection is recorded in a spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal (LC) light valve. The light valve is then read-out by a polarized light optical microscope. This configuration will mitigate the loss of light in the optical system over the current scintillator-optical microscope-camera detection systems.