This disclosure provides an electrophoretic display system including a first electrode disposed on a substrate and a three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based structure configured to guide a migration of electrically charged electrophoretic ink particles dispersed therein that are configured to be responsive to application of a voltage to the first electrode. The 3D carbon-based structure includes a plurality of 3D aggregates defined by a morphology of graphene nanoplatelets orthogonally fused together and cross-linked by a polymer; and, a plurality of channels interspersed throughout the 3D carbon-based structure defined by the morphology. The plurality of channels includes a plurality of inter-particle pathways and a plurality of intra-particle pathways. Each inter-particle pathway can include a smaller dimension than each inter-particle pathway. A second electrode is disposed on the 3D carbon-based structure. Each 3D aggregate can include any one or more of graphene, carbon nano-onions, carbon nanoplatelets, or carbon nanotubes.

This disclosure provides an electrophoretic display system including a first electrode disposed on a substrate and a three-dimensional (3D) carbon-based structure configured to guide a migration of electrically charged electrophoretic ink particles dispersed therein that are configured to be responsive to application of a voltage to the first electrode. The 3D carbon-based structure includes a plurality of 3D aggregates defined by a morphology of graphene nanoplatelets orthogonally fused together and cross-linked by a polymer; and, a plurality of channels interspersed throughout the 3D carbon-based structure defined by the morphology. The plurality of channels includes a plurality of inter-particle pathways and a plurality of intra-particle pathways. Each inter-particle pathway can include a smaller dimension than each inter-particle pathway. A second electrode is disposed on the 3D carbon-based structure. Each 3D aggregate can include any one or more of graphene, carbon nano-onions, carbon nanoplatelets, or carbon nanotubes.

Gravitational Janus microparticle having, a center-of-mass, a center-of-volume, and a non-uniform density, wherein: the center-of-mass and the center-of-volume are distinct. When suspended in a fluid, the microparticle substantially aligns with either: i) the gravitational field; or ii) the direction of an acceleration, such that the Janus microparticle is in substantial rotation equilibrium. After perturbation from substantial rotational equilibrium, the Janus microparticle reversibly rotates to return to substantial rotational equilibrium. The gravitational Janus microparticle may comprise at least two portions, each having distinct physical and/or chemical characteristics, wherein at least one portion provides a detectable effect following rotation and alignment of the microparticle.

A security device that exhibits at least one dynamic response upon change of orientation of the security device with respect to gravity, wherein the security device includes a hollow capsule completely filled with a liquid and one or more microscopic elements. In addition, the dynamic response continues after cessation of the change of orientation with respect to gravity. The dynamic response includes a transition of the one or more microscopic elements from substantial mechanical equilibrium to non-equilibrium upon action of the change of orientation with respect to gravity and back to substantial mechanical equilibrium after cessation of the change of orientation with respect to gravity. During the dynamic response, the one or more microscopic elements undergo at least one of a rotational motion and a translational motion relative to the liquid.

A switchable grating for phase contrast imaging comprising a reservoir with a medium and x-ray absorbing particles acoustically connected to a first ultrasound generator and a second ultrasound generator arranged along a side of the reservoir orthogonal to the first side. The ultrasound generators are each, individually or together, configured to generate a soundwave with a frequency and phase such that a standing wave is formed within the medium causing the x-ray absorbing particles to organize along pressure nodes of the standing waves.

Phase stepping for differential phase contrast and/or dark field x-ray imaging using a switchable grating in which particles in a reservoir are aligned into wall-like x-ray absorbing structures by inducing a standing wave in a medium in the reservoir. The standing wave is modified by a second ultrasound generator that modifies the standing wave such that the pressure nodes of the first standing wave shift position.

A digital microfluidic device includes a thin film transistor driving substrate. The thin film transistor driving substrate includes a first base substrate; a plurality of sample actuating units; a plurality of sample position detecting units; a dielectric insulating layer on a side of the plurality of sample actuating units and the plurality of sample position detecting units distal to the first base substrate; and a first hydrophobic layer on a side of the dielectric insulating layer distal to the first base substrate. Each of the plurality of sample actuating units includes a first electrode configured to drive transportation of a liquid droplet on the digital microfluidic device. Each of the plurality of sample position detecting units includes a photosensor configured to detect presence or absence of the liquid droplet on a position corresponding to the photosensor.

A vehicle includes a combined display-lighting unit. The combined display-lighting unit has, combined in a single component, an electronic paper display device forming an information zone and a lighting unit forming an illumination zone.

A vehicle includes a combined display-lighting unit. The combined display-lighting unit has, combined in a single component, an electronic paper display device forming an information zone and a lighting unit forming an illumination zone.

The present invention is a window pane assembly system and method utilizing locking a locking system for easy insertion of a second window pane and an electro kinetic strip or film on these window panes. These electrokinetic strips and films have the capability to do many things on the window panes like changing the opacity of the windows and allowing certain levels of light through the window. The use of this technology can create more opportunities for creating advertisements on window surfaces, storing energy or repelling solar energy for building temperature management and energy savings. The electrokinetic film can be used with a remodel of window panes or the electrokinetic strips and films can be built into new window panes. With the ability of the electrokinetic devices to allow certain levels of light in, there is the opportunity for many more technological advancements on the window panes. The electrokinetic film may incorporate a matrix of densely packed apertures with scalable shutters, to attenuate light transmission through the window pane assembly.