An arrangement for determining an amount of light reaching an image sensor of a video camera is disclosed. The video camera comprises an imaging lens system guiding a beam path towards an image sensor and has an aperture plane where a variable aperture is arranged. The inventive arrangement comprises a light sensor arranged to probe light intensity continuously from a portion of the beam path, which portion is located in or near the aperture plane of the imaging lens system.

A double-sided image sensor can capture images from two different perspectives during two different time intervals. For example, during a first time period, the image sensor captures the view relative to a first side of an electronic device containing the image sensor, but during a second time period, captures the view relative to a second side of the electronic device. To capture images from multiple views, the double-sided image sensor contains a layer of photodiodes which captures measurements from multiple directions. Moreover, the image sensor includes selectable attenuators (e.g., mechanical shutters or TN attenuators) which control what view the photodiodes are currently capturing. For example, when capturing an image from the backside of the electronic device, one of the selectable attenuators blocks light from striking the photodiodes from the front side, and as such, only the light entering at the backside strikes the photodiodes.

An imaging device includes an image sensor. The image sensor includes: a light receiving unit having pixels configured to receive light and generate an imaging signal according to an amount of the received light; a color filter having a filter unit disposed corresponding to the pixels, the filter unit including first band filters for passing light of a wavelength band of a primary color or a complementary color and including at least one second band filter for passing narrow-band light whose wavelength band is narrower than the wavelength band of the light passing through each of the first band filters; and an output unit configured to output the imaging signal under conditions that an amount of light incident on a second pixel corresponding to the at least one second band filter is greater than an amount of light incident on each of first pixels corresponding to the first band filters.

Electronic camera filters comprise an electronic display configured for use with a camera system to provide different levels of image filtering, as a neutral density filter, for passage to a camera. The electronic display is programmable so that it may be calibrated to provide different desired filter levels associated with different settings of a camera lens iris, focus, zoom, or light meter measurement. The electronic display may be calibrated manually or by calibration information stored or otherwise downloaded into electronic display memory. The ability to program and calibrate the filter level setting enables the electronic display to be operated in synchrony with the camera lens iris, focus, zoom, or light meter it is calibrated with to provide a desired combined or synergistic optical characteristic. The electronic display may be controlled to provide synchronized operation by the same controller used to control the camera lens iris, focus, and/or or zoom.

An arrangement for determining an amount of light reaching an image sensor of a video camera is disclosed. The video camera comprises an imaging lens system guiding a beam path towards an image sensor and has an aperture plane where a variable aperture is arranged. The inventive arrangement comprises a light sensor arranged to probe light intensity continuously from a portion of the beam path, which portion is located in or near the aperture plane of the imaging lens system.

A tethered imaging camera encapsulated in a shell lens element of such camera enables viewing from inside and imaging of a biological organ in/from a variety of directions. A portion of camera's optical system together with light source(s) and optical detector mutually cooperated by housing structure inside the shell are moveable/re-orientable within the shell to vary a desired view of the object space without interruption of imaging process. A tether carries electrical but not optical signals to and from the camera and controllable traction cords to move the camera, and a hand-control unit and/or electronic circuitry configured to operate the camera and power its movements. Method(s) of using optical, optoelectronic, and optoelectromechanical sub-systems of the camera.

A tethered imaging camera encapsulated in a shell lens element of such camera enables viewing from inside and imaging of a biological organ in/from a variety of directions. A portion of camera's optical system together with light source(s) and optical detector mutually cooperated by housing structure inside the shell are moveable/re-orientable within the shell to vary a desired view of the object space without interruption of imaging process. A tether carries electrical but not optical signals to and from the camera and controllable traction cords to move the camera, and a hand-control unit and/or electronic circuitry configured to operate the camera and power its movements. Method(s) of using optical, optoelectronic, and optoelectromechanical sub-systems of the camera.

A lens module includes a lens barrel and a lens group having a first second lenses. An image side surface of a first barrel wall includes a first planar surface, a first oblique surface extending towards the optical axis and towards the image side, and a second planar surface. An object side surface of a peripheral portion of the first lens includes a third planar surface attached to the first planar surface and a second oblique surface attached to the first oblique surface. An image side surface of the peripheral portion of the first lens includes a fifth planar surface, a third oblique surface extending towards the optical axis and towards the image side, and a sixth planar surface. An object side surface of the second lens includes a seventh planar surface attached to the fifth planar surface and a fourth oblique surface paced apart from the third oblique surface.

An image capturing apparatus comprising: an optical element that changes a transmittance of light; an image sensor; an acquisition unit that acquires information regarding a temperature of the optical element; a first control unit that controls a transmittance of the optical element; and a second control unit that controls exposure when a subject is captured using the image sensor and an image signal is output. The first control unit performs control so as to increase a target transmittance of the optical element in a first condition under which a temperature of the optical element exceeds a predetermined temperature, based on the information regarding the temperature, and the second control unit controls exposure excluding the transmittance according to a change in the transmittance of the optical element in the first condition.

A system includes: an illumination device; and an imaging device configured to capture an image of a target which is irradiated with light by the illumination device. The illumination device includes: a light emitting unit configured to emit first polarized light; a condensing unit configured to focus light emitted from the light emitting unit; a diffusion unit configured to diffuse the light focused by the condensing unit; and a uniformization optical system configured to receive the light diffused by the diffusion unit, uniformize an illuminance distribution of the light, and emit the light. The system further including a selective transmission unit provided on an optical path from the target to an imaging element of the imaging device and configured to block the first polarized light at a predetermined blocking ratio.