3-D printers include a transfuse station having at least one roller on one side of an ITB supporting the ITB, and a transmission device on the same side of the ITB. A charge neutralizer is included on a second side of the intermediate transfer surface. The charge neutralizer outputs an opposite charge to neutralize existing static charge on a layer of the build material and the support material on the ITB, before the layer reaches the transfer station. Additionally, the intermediate transfer surface transfers the layer to a platen each time the platen contacts the second side of the intermediate transfer surface, at the transfer station, to successively form layers of the build material and the support material on the platen. Also, the transmission device outputs acoustic waves to cause the layer to move from the intermediate transfer surface to the platen, or to the layers on the platen.

A particulate capturing device includes: a vent pipe having a flow path space through which air containing fine particles flows; an air flow generating portion configured to generate an air flow flowing in a direction in which the air is to he sent in the flow path space of the vent pipe; and a collecting portion disposed in a state of crossing the flow path space of the vent pipe in a direction intersecting the air flow, and configured to collect the fine particles contained in the air, in which the collecting portion is formed of a vent plate having a thickness of 5 mm or less and having plural vent portions with an opening size of 0.005 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.

A particulate capturing device includes: a vent pipe having a flow path space through which air containing fine particles flows; an air flow generating portion configured to generate an air flow flowing in a direction in which the air is to he sent in the flow path space of the vent pipe; and a collecting portion disposed in a state of crossing the flow path space of the vent pipe in a direction intersecting the air flow, and configured to collect the fine particles contained in the air, in which the collecting portion is formed of a vent plate having a thickness of 5 mm or less and having plural vent portions with an opening size of 0.005 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.

A particulate capturing device includes: a vent pipe having a flow path space through which air containing fine particles flows; an air flow generating portion configured to generate an air flow flowing in a direction in which the air is to be sent in the flow path space of the vent pipe; and a collecting portion disposed in a state of crossing the flow path space of the vent pipe in a direction intersecting the air flow, and configured to collect the fine particles contained in the air, in which the collecting portion is formed of a metal vent plate having plural vent portions with an opening size of 0.005 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.

A particulate capturing device includes: a vent pipe having a flow path space through which air containing fine particles flows; an air flow generating portion configured to generate an air flow flowing in a direction in which the air is to be sent in the flow path space of the vent pipe; and a collecting portion disposed in a state of crossing the flow path space of the vent pipe in a direction intersecting the air flow, and configured to collect the fine particles contained in the air, in which the collecting portion is formed of a metal vent plate having plural vent portions with an opening size of 0.005 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less.

Here is described a method of printing on a plastic substrate, the method comprising: providing an electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid, and particles comprising a resin, and a slip agent dispersed in the carrier liquid; forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface; contacting the surface with the electrostatic ink composition, such that at least some of the particles and the slip agent are transferred to the surface to form a developed toner image on the surface; and transferring the toner image to the plastic substrate. Electrostatic ink compositions and plastic substrates are also disclosed.

Here is described a method of printing on a plastic substrate, the method comprising: providing an electrostatic ink composition comprising a carrier liquid, and particles comprising a resin, and a slip agent dispersed in the carrier liquid; forming a latent electrostatic image on a surface; contacting the surface with the electrostatic ink composition, such that at least some of the particles and the slip agent are transferred to the surface to form a developed toner image on the surface; and transferring the toner image to the plastic substrate. Electrostatic ink compositions and plastic substrates are also disclosed.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit and a controller. The image forming unit includes a latent image bearer, a charger to charge the latent image bearer, an exposure device to expose a latent image on the surface of the latent image bearer, and a developing device to develop the latent image with a developer. The controller executes an image forming process, a first fluctuation control that cyclically changes a developing bias supplied to the developing device based on predetermined first pattern data, and a second fluctuation control that cyclically changes a charging bias supplied to the charger based on predetermined second pattern data, in parallel. The controller executes a determination process to determine whether the controller executes the first fluctuation control. When the controller determines not to execute the first fluctuation control, the controller determines not to execute the second fluctuation control, too.

An image forming device is provided. The image forming device may include a transfer belt to move in a preset direction, a plurality of image generators to respectively generate a toner image on the transfer belt, and a controller to output an image generation signal to each of the plurality of image generators such that the plurality of image generators respectively generate a toner image. A plurality of toner images generated using the plurality of image generators are arranged on the transfer belt in parallel to each other, and an arrangement order of the plurality of toner images is identical to an arrangement order of the plurality of image generators.

An image forming device is provided. The image forming device may include a transfer belt to move in a preset direction, a plurality of image generators to respectively generate a toner image on the transfer belt, and a controller to output an image generation signal to each of the plurality of image generators such that the plurality of image generators respectively generate a toner image. A plurality of toner images generated using the plurality of image generators are arranged on the transfer belt in parallel to each other, and an arrangement order of the plurality of toner images is identical to an arrangement order of the plurality of image generators.