An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive base body and a photosensitive layer, in which an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing resin particles, and in which a fluorine atom concentration at a surface of the outermost surface layer is 1.5 to 5.0 times a fluorine atom concentration at a depth of 1 μm from the surface of the outermost surface layer, or in which a number density ratio of aggregates of the fluorine-containing resin particles in a second region defined in this specification, to aggregates of he fluorine-containing resin particles in a first region defined in this specification is less than 0.95, and a ratio of an area ratio of the fluorine-containing resin particles in the second region, to an area ratio of the flourine-containing resin particles in the first region is within a range of 1±0.1.

An electrophotographic photoreceptor includes: a conductive base body and a photosensitive layer, in which an outermost surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains fluorine-containing non particles, and in which a fluorine atom concentration at a surface of the outermost surface layer is 1.5 to 5.0 times a fluorine atom concentration at a depth of 1 μm from the surface of the outermost surface layer, or in which a number density ratio of aggregates of the fluorine-containing resin particles is a second region defined in this specification, to aggregates of the fluorine-containing resin particles in a first region defined in this specification is less than 0.95, and a ratio of an area ratio of the fluorine-containing resin particles in the second region, to an area ratio of the fluorine-containing resin particles in the first region is within a range of 1±0.1.

An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier unit, an image display control unit, and a forming unit. The image carrier unit holds images formed from a developer. The images include an image intended to be transferred to a medium and an image unintended to be transferred to the medium. The image display control unit causes a display unit to display an image asking whether the image unintended to be transferred is to be formed when a predetermined condition for forming the image unintended to be transferred is satisfied. The forming unit forms the image unintended to be transferred to the medium when a command of forming the image unintended to be transferred to the medium is input to a display on the display unit.

There is provided a method for controlling an electrophotographic apparatus including forming a first measurement image by performing first halftone processing on image data, forming a second measurement image by performing second halftone processing different from the first halftone processing on the image data, measuring densities of the first measurement image and the second measurement image, calculating a density difference between each of densities of the measurement images, determining whether the density difference satisfies a predetermined reference value, and applying a surface treatment on an electrophotographic photosensitive member if the density difference does not satisfy the reference value, during a non-image formation period.

An image forming apparatus includes an image holding unit that holds an image that is formed of a developer, the image being intended to be transferred onto a medium, and an image that is not intended to be transferred onto a medium, a transfer unit that transfers the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium onto a medium, and a forming unit that forms, upon receiving a print instruction to form the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium onto the image holding unit, the image that is not intended to be transferred onto a medium at a position on the image holding unit where the image that is intended to be transferred onto a medium is to be formed.

An image forming apparatus includes a printer unit that prints an image on a sheet using a line head in which a plurality of light emitting devices are arranged, and a storage unit that stores information regarding light amounts corresponding to the light emitting devices of the line head. The image forming apparatus generates a mask pattern based on the information regarding the light amounts obtained from the storage unit and a target light amount, and executes mask processing on halftone image data that is in positional correspondence with the light emitting devices using the generated mask pattern.

Provided is an image forming apparatus capable of preventing or suppressing occurrence of density unevenness even when a shearing force is applied between an image face on paper and a fixing belt. The image forming apparatus includes an image former, a fixer, and a controller. The image former forms a toner image constituted by a plurality of dots each containing a toner on paper. The fixer includes a fixing member moving at a first velocity and a pressure member forming a fixing nip portion with the fixing member and moving at a second velocity, and fixes the toner image on the paper at the fixing nip portion. When the first velocity and the second velocity at the fixing nip portion are different, the controller determines a toner amount to be attached to paper so as to make a toner amount distribution different in each of the dots before fixing.

There is provided a method for controlling an electrophotographic apparatus including forming a first measurement image by performing first halftone processing on image data, forming a second measurement image by performing second halftone processing different from the first halftone processing on the image data, measuring densities of the first measurement image and the second measurement image, calculating a density difference between each of densities of the measurement images, determining whether the density difference satisfies a predetermined reference value, and applying a surface treatment on an electrophotographic photosensitive member if the density difference does not satisfy the reference value, during a non-image formation period.

An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit containing a special recording material and circuitry configured to control the image forming unit to form a hardly visible image on a recording medium with the special recording material. The hardly visible image is formed of a halftone dot image comprising isolated dots in a number smaller than that of isolated dots forming a visible image having the same image area ratio as the hardly visible image.

Provided is an image forming apparatus capable of preventing or suppressing occurrence of density unevenness even when a shearing force is applied between an image face on paper and a fixing belt. The image forming apparatus includes an image former, a fixer, and a controller. The image former forms a toner image constituted by a plurality of dots each containing a toner on paper. The fixer includes a fixing member moving at a first velocity and a pressure member forming a fixing nip portion with the fixing member and moving at a second velocity, and fixes the toner image on the paper at the fixing nip portion. When the first velocity and the second velocity at the fixing nip portion are different, the controller determines a toner amount to be attached to paper so as to make a toner amount distribution different in each of the dots before fixing.