An image forming apparatus includes a printing unit, first and second stacking units, first and second conveyance units, and a control unit. When the first conveyance unit conveys a sheet to the first stacking unit, the printing unit prints an image on a first number of sheets as first sheets in a first printing operation and prints the image on the first sheets in a second printing operation. When the second conveyance unit conveys the sheet to the second stacking unit, the printing unit prints the image on a second number of sheets, greater than the first number of sheets, as second sheets in the first printing operation and prints the image on the second sheets in the second printing operation. A number of sheets printed per unit time in the second printing operation is less than a number of sheets printed per unit time in the first printing operation.

An image reading apparatus including: a conveyance path; a light transmitting member; a first reading unit; a second reading unit; a first roller disposed opposite to the first reading unit; a second roller disposed opposite to the second reading unit; a holding member configured to hold the first roller and the second roller; a plurality of first abutment portions provided on both end portion sides in a width direction of the first roller and forming a gap between the light transmitting member and the first roller by abutting on the light transmitting member; a plurality of second abutment portions provided on both end portion sides in the width direction of the second roller and forming a gap between the light transmitting member and the second roller by abutting on the light transmitting member; and an urging member urges the holding member against the light transmitting member.

A retaining ring 1 for a shaft 2a usable with a bearing 3 having an outer ring 3a and an inner ring 3b fixed on the shaft, wherein the inner ring 3b and the outer ring 3a are rotatable relative to each other, and the retaining ring 1 is provided on the shaft 2a adjacent to the bearing 3 in a thrust direction to restrict a position of the bearing 3 in the thrust direction, the retaining ring 1 includes a protrusion 1a protruding in the thrust direction from a surface opposing the inner ring 3b in the thrust direction to contact the inner ring 3b so that the retaining ring 1 is out of contact from the outer ring 3a.

A cylinder member includes: a cylinder body having a cylindrical shape; a sheet member wound on the cylinder body; a first attachment portion provided at one end portion of the sheet member in a circumferential direction, the first attachment portion being detachably attached to the cylinder body; and a second attachment portion provided at the other end portion of the sheet member in the circumferential direction, the second attachment portion being detachably attached to the cylinder body.

A rotation detector includes a motor, a current detector and a hardware processor. The motor includes coils of two or more phases and a rotor. The current detector detects currents flowing in coils of at least two phases among the coils of two or more phases. The hardware processor estimates an initial position of the rotor based on current values of the currents detected by the current detector to start the motor, controls an energization pattern on the phases to rotate and start the motor based on the estimated initial position, and determines whether the rotor stops or is rotating before completing the estimation of the initial position.

An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a light exposure device, a developing device, a fixing unit disposed opposite to the light exposure device relative to the developing device, a sheet supply tray disposed below the developing device, an ejection tray disposed above the developing device and having a sheet receiving surface inclined downward, relative to a horizontal direction, toward the charger, and a sheet conveying path through which a sheet is conveyed from the sheet supply tray to the ejection tray. A lowest end portion of the sheet receiving surface is disposed below an upper end of the charger in the vertical direction. The charger is disposed opposite to the developing device relative to the lowest end portion of the sheet receiving surface.

Provided in one example is a printing system. The system includes a printing zone including a platen (50). The system includes a drive to move a medium (58) through the printing zone. The system includes a suction force generator (78) to generate a suction force to hold down the medium onto the platen while the drive moves the medium through the printing zone. The system includes a sensor (52) to monitor the movement of the medium through the printing zone in a medium advance direction. The system includes a controller to determine that the suction force generated by the suction source generator is insufficient based on an output of the sensor.

According to an embodiment, a sheet processing apparatus includes a transport unit and a holding unit. The transport unit transports a first sheet to a first position. The transport unit transports a second sheet, which is transported after the first sheet, to a second position displaced to the upstream side of a sheet transport direction relative to the first position. The transport unit transports a third sheet, which is transported after the second sheet, to a third position displaced to the downstream side of the sheet transport direction relative to the second position. In the case where the second sheet is transported to the second position, the holding unit holds the first sheet at the first position. In the case where the third sheet is transported to the third position, the holding unit holds the second sheet at the second position.

Provided is a sheet conveying apparatus that includes a conveying unit capable of changing its posture through rotation, and forms a sheet conveyance path capable of conveying a sheet without fail regardless of which posture the conveying unit is in. A first conveying unit is capable of being in a first posture and in a second posture by rotating from the first posture. In a case where the first conveying unit is in the first posture, a sheet conveyance path is formed in which the first conveyance path, the second conveyance path, and the third conveyance path are connected in this order. In a case where the first conveying unit is in the second posture, a sheet conveyance path is formed in which the first conveyance path and the third conveyance path are connected in this order.

Provided is an image forming apparatus including a secondary transfer portion which transfers a toner image onto a recording material; a fixing device which fixes the toner image onto the recording material, and a belt conveying portion which adsorbs the recording material between the secondary transfer portion and the fixing device, and conveys the recording material, in which the belt conveying portion includes a first velocity at the time of receiving a front end portion of the recording material in a traveling direction from the secondary transfer portion, and a second velocity before a rear end portion of the recording material in the traveling direction leaves the secondary transfer portion at the time of delivering the front end portion of the recording material in the traveling direction to the fixing device, and the second velocity is faster than the first velocity.