The belt conveyance device includes a plurality of rollers, a belt, a meandering correction part, and an adjustment part. The rollers are disposed at intervals each other and rotate around axes. The belt is disposed around the plurality of rollers and travels. The meandering correction part shifts one end portion in an axial direction of a tension roller included in the plurality of rollers in a radial direction within a predetermined range to correct a meandering of the belt. The adjustment part shifts the other end portion in the axial direction of the tension roller in the radial direction such that a position of the one end portion of the tension roller is variable under a state where the meandering of the belt is corrected.

A loop detection unit including a first contact portion in contact with a back surface of the recording material. A residual sheet detection unit including a second contact portion that is configured to come into contact with the back surface of the recording material. The first contact portion and the second contact portion are configured to rotate on the same rotation shaft. The second contact portion is configured to come into contact with the back surface of the recording material on a downstream of the first contact portion in the conveyance direction of the recording material.

An information processing device performs processing of specifying a positional relationship between a first printing section and a second printing section based on image capturing data of a test image that is printed on a printing medium by the first printing section and the second printing section in each of which a plurality of printing elements are arranged. The test image includes a plurality of first lines which are printed by the first printing section so as to have printing positions different from each other in a line arrangement direction on the printing medium and a plurality of second lines which are printed by the second printing section so as to have printing positions different from each other in the line arrangement direction. The information processing device contains a printing coordinate acquisition section, a printing position acquisition section, and a positional shift amount calculation section.

A sheet conveying device includable in an image forming apparatus that uses a method of conveying a conveyance target medium and a method of forming an image, includes a position detector, a position adjuster, and circuitry. The position detector is configured to detect a position of a conveyance target medium. Based on a detection of the position of the conveyance target medium by the position detector, the position adjuster moves in at least one of a width direction of the conveyance target medium and a rotation direction of the conveyance target medium within a plane of conveyance of the conveyance target medium and repeatedly adjusts the position of the conveyance target medium while conveying the conveyance target medium. The circuitry changes a conveying speed of the conveyance target medium, according to a change of the position of the conveyance target medium after adjusted by the position adjuster.

In some examples, direct memory access based hardware deskew may include ascertaining scanned data associated with scanning of a physical medium by using a reading direct memory access to step through the scanned data based on a skew angle associated with an orientation of the physical medium relative to a scan bar that is to perform the scanning of the physical medium. Further, direct memory access based hardware deskew may include modifying the scanned data to reduce the skew angle associated with the orientation of the physical medium.

An example of apparatus to align media. The apparatus includes a printer assembly to form markings a first side of a media. The apparatus also includes a sensor to detect a backside pattern on each pass at multiple locations. The apparatus includes a processor in communication with the sensor. The processor is to compare the backside pattern measured on multiple passes to determine offset amounts. The apparatus also includes a controller to adjust the media relative to the printer assembly based on the offset values.

A printing apparatus includes: an image former that forms an image on a pre-cutting sheet; a cutter that cuts the pre-cutting sheet on which the image is formed; and a hardware processor that controls the image former, wherein the hardware processor acquires image deviation information related to a deviation of an image with respect to a post-cutting sheet, and corrects at least one of a position, a tilt, or a shape of an image formed on the pre-cutting sheet so as to eliminate the deviation of the image based on the image deviation information.

According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which are stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to print a first indicia at a first region on a first side of a print medium. The instructions may also cause the processor to print a second indicia at a second region on the first side of the print medium, in which the second region may be spaced a prescribed distance from the first region along a first edge of the print medium. In some examples, a relative position of the first indicia to the second indicia may correlate to a skew correction value for the first edge of the print medium.

A printing apparatus includes: an image former that forms an image on a pre-cutting sheet; a cutter that cuts the pre-cutting sheet on which the image is formed; and a hardware processor that controls the image former, wherein the hardware processor acquires image deviation information related to a deviation of an image with respect to a post-cutting sheet, and corrects at least one of a position, a tilt, or a shape of an image formed on the pre-cutting sheet so as to eliminate the deviation of the image based on the image deviation information.

An image forming apparatus, including: an image former that forms an image on continuous form paper; and a hardware processor that calculates a paper cost for a print job of the continuous form paper, on the basis of a distance of the continuous form paper conveyed from a start to an end of the print job.