Example implementations relate to a printing an image on a substrate and printing an ultraviolet-sensitive finishing mark on the substrate using ultraviolet-sensitive ink. The ultraviolet-sensitive finishing mark can be visible under ultraviolet light.

In a case that a toner concentration of a liquid developer in a mixer is high and a liquid amount is small, when a supply flow rate of a carrier liquid by a carrier supplying pump is set (S38), a carrier amount for concentration adjustment is preferentially assigned (S33 or S35). Then, a remaining one is assigned to a carrier amount for liquid amount adjustment (S36). By doing so, by a non-interacting function, a supply agent to be supplied to the mixer can be made less than a conventional case. That is, the carrier liquid can be supplied by decreasing the supply agent more than the conventional case, so that a liquid amount can be easily satisfied while improving followability of a toner concentration.

Example implementations relate to a printing an image on a substrate and printing an ultraviolet-sensitive finishing mark on the substrate using ultraviolet-sensitive ink. The ultraviolet-sensitive finishing mark can be visible under ultraviolet light.

A calculating portion 300 acquires resistance of a carrier liquid in a carrier tank. A resistance calculating portion 302 acquires the resistance of the carrier liquid on the basis of a liquid amount of a carrier liquid for each of numbers of times of passing of the carrier liquid through a separation and extraction device and resistance of the carrier liquid for each of the numbers of times of passing of the carrier liquid through the separation and extraction device. The liquid amount of a carrier liquid for each of numbers of time of passing is calculated by a deterioration degree distribution calculating portion 301 and is stored in a memory 201. As regards the resistance of the carrier liquid for each of the numbers of times of passing, the resistance of the carrier liquid after passing through the separation and extraction device is stored in the memory 201 in advance for each of the numbers of times of passing. A carrier supply discriminating portion 202 discriminates whether or not a carrier liquid for supply should be supplied, on the basis of the acquired resistance of the carrier liquid. A controller 200 controls a pump 51 for supply on the basis of this discrimination.

An image forming apparatus includes an image forming portion configured to form an image on a sheet with a developer containing toner and an ultraviolet curable agent, a feeding belt configured to feed the sheet on which the image is formed by the image forming portion, and an ultraviolet irradiating portion configured to irradiate, with ultraviolet radiation, the image on the sheet that is being fed by the feeding belt. The feeding belt stops rotation thereof in a non-irradiated state of the feeding belt with ultraviolet radiation by the ultraviolet irradiating portion.

The present disclosure relates to a process for printing a substrate. The process comprises applying an analogue primer over a print substrate. A transparent electrophotographic composition comprising a coupling agent is electrophotographically printed on the primer as a coupling layer. An electrophotographic ink composition is then printed on the coupling layer to form an image layer. The coupling layer is disposed between the primer and image layer and in contact with each of the primer and image layer.

An example system includes a power supply. The power supply is electrically coupled to an electrode, a developer roller, and a cleaner roller. The system also includes a controller. The controller is to instruct the power supply to reduce, at a first time, a magnitude of an electrode voltage supplied to the electrode. The controller also is to instruct the power supply to set, at a second time, a developer roller voltage and a cleaner roller voltage each to about a wet null voltage.

An image forming apparatus that includes an image forming portion configured to form an image on a sheet with a developer containing toner and an ultraviolet curable agent, a feeding belt configured to feed the sheet on which the image is formed by the image forming portion, and an ultraviolet irradiating portion configured to irradiate, with ultraviolet radiation, the image on the sheet that is being fed by the feeding belt. The feeding belt stops rotation thereof in a non-irradiated state of the feeding belt with ultraviolet radiation by the ultraviolet irradiating portion.

The present disclosure relates to toner compositions containing a high loading of white colorant of greater than 30 weight % by weight of the toner and processes thereof. The toner exhibits a lightness (L*) of at least 70 and, in further embodiments, at least 75.

An image forming apparatus includes a recording material feeding portion, an image forming portion, and a heating portion. An ultraviolet irradiating portion irradiates an image on a recording material with ultraviolet radiation, when the recording material is in an ultraviolet irradiation positon and is already heated by the heating portion, and a detecting portion detects a temperature of the recording material which has not yet been heated by the heating portion. In addition, a controller controls an output of the heating portion depending on the detected temperature so that the temperature of the recording material, when the recording material heated by the heating portion enters the ultraviolet irradiation position, is within a target temperature range that is set in advance.