A toner comprising: a toner particle comprising a binder resin and boric acid; wherein the binder resin comprises an amorphous resin and a crystalline polyester resin, a content of the crystalline polyester resin in the toner is 30.00 to 80.00 mass %, and a content of the boric acid in the toner is 0.10 to 10.00 mass %.

A method for producing a printed material includes providing pressure-induced phase transition particles on a recording medium having an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 0.07 μm or more and 3.80 μm or less to form a pressure-induced phase transition particle layer having a coverage C within a range of 30% to 90%; bonding the pressure-induced phase transition particles onto the recording medium; and folding the recording medium having the pressure-induced phase transition particles bonded thereon and pressure-bonding the folded recording medium, or pressure-bonding the recording medium having the pressure-induced phase transition particles bonded thereon and another recording medium placed on top of each other. The pressure-induced phase transition particles have at least two glass transition temperatures, and the difference between the lowest glass transition temperature and the highest glass transition temperature among the glass transition temperatures exhibited by the pressure-induced phase transition particles is 30° C. or more.

An image-forming apparatus includes first and second photosensitive drums, first and second image-forming portion including first and second development rollers configured to bear developers composed of first and second toner particles and organosilicon protrusions formed on surfaces of the first and second toner particles, an intermediate transfer member to which a developer image is to be transferred in first and second contact portions in contact with the first and second photosensitive drums, and a transfer member configured to transfer the developer image to a recording material in a transfer portion. The first contact portion is formed downstream of the transfer portion and upstream of the second contact portion in a movement direction of the surface of the intermediate transfer member. A protrusion formed on the second developer has a lower height than a protrusion formed on the first developer.

A toner particle includes a binder resin, a colorant, a releasing agent, and a dispersant. The binder resin includes a non-crystalline polyester resin containing 1 to 15 mol % of a polyfunctional carboxylic acid unit having a pendant group with 3 to 32 carbons and a crystalline polyester resin. An endothermic amount Tg2nd-dH derived from the crystalline polyester resin is 4 to 40 J/g. The releasing agent has a melting point of 60 to 100° C. The dispersant has a melting point of 60 to 100° C. A mass ratio of the dispersant to the releasing agent is 50:50 to 95:5.

A toner has excellent low temperature fixing property, heat resistant preservability, and stable image quality. The toner contains a core including a crystalline polyester, and a shell formed on a surface of the core. An aspect ratio of the crystalline polyester in the toner is within a range from 1 to 3, and an average length of a longitudinal diameter of the crystalline polyester is within a range from 10 nm to 500 nm.

A toner includes toner base particles and external additives deposited on a surface of the toner base particle. The toner base particle includes an amorphous polyester resin, a crystalline polyester resin, a release agent, and resin particles. An abundance ratio of the crystalline polyester resin in the surface of the toner base particle as observed by TEM is 2.5% or greater but 25% or less. The resin particles are deposited at the surface of the toner base particle as observed by SEM. A ratio of aggregates of the resin particles occupying the surface of the toner base particle is 1% or greater but 70% or less, where R is a major axis of the minimum particle of the resin particles, and the resin particle having a major axis of 3R or greater is determined as the aggregate.

Toner includes, as toner particles, first particles and second particles. The first particles each include a first core and a first shell layer covering a surface of the first core. The first core contains a first binder resin and is free from metal stearates. The second particles each include a second core and a second shell layer covering a surface of the second core. The second core contains a metal stearate. The first shell layer and the second shell layer are formed of resins of the same type, respectively. The content of the metal stearate in the second core is 50% by mass or more with respect to the mass of the second core as a whole. The number ratio of the second particles is 5% or more but 25% or less of the total number of the first particles and the second particles.

An electrostatic image developing toner includes toner particles, an external additive A, and an external additive B. At least the external additive A is deposited on the surfaces of the toner particles. At least the external additive B is deposited on the external additive A. The external additive B includes an aggregate of two or more particles. The coverage of the toner particles with the external additive B is 3% by area or more with respect to the total surface area of the toner particles.

The present disclosure provides processes for producing images with toner particles. In embodiments, toner particles of a certain diameter in size are applied to a substrate as an incomplete monolayer, and then fused to form an image that is a complete monolayer and possesses a thickness less than the diameter of the particles utilized to form the image.

A toner particle includes a core particle including a binder resin, and a plurality of fine particles that are smaller than the core particle and that are attached to a surface of the core particle. The fine particles include silica fine particles, and inorganic fine particles having a band gap energy of 2.5 to 7.0 eV and a relative permittivity of 30 to 100. The toner particle has a content of titanium dioxide of less than 1% by mass.