Apparatus and methods for 3D-Scanless Holographic Optogenetics with Temporal focusing (3D-SHOT), which allows precise, simultaneous photo-activation of arbitrary sets of neurons anywhere within the addressable volume of the microscope. Soma-targeted (ST) optogenetic tools, ST-ChroME and IRES-ST-eGtACR1, optimized for multiphoton activation and suppression are also provided. The methods use point-cloud holography to place multiple copies of a temporally focused disc matching the dimensions of a designated neuron's cell body. Experiments in cultured cells, brain slices, and in living mice demonstrate single-neuron spatial resolution even when optically targeting randomly distributed groups of neurons in 3D.

A system for monitoring a building structure is described. The system comprises a laser source which emits an infrared radiation and an interferometric arrangement which divides the radiation into an object beam and a reference beam. The object beam irradiates the building structure and is scattered by it, while the reference beam interferes with the scattered object beam so as to create a hologram of the building. The system also comprises a sensor which detects a sequence of holograms and a processing unit which reconstructs the evolution in time of deformations or displacements of the building by numerically processing the sequence of holograms. The system—being based on digital holography—offers various advantages compared to known monitoring techniques, for example techniques which make use of seismometers (possibility of remote monitoring, substantial space-time continuity of the monitoring, capacity for detecting a wider range of deformations and displacements).

An infrared imaging signal is generated to illuminate tissue. An infrared image of an exit signal of the infrared imaging signal is captured. The infrared imaging signal is within a frequency band.

An imaging flow cytometer device includes a housing holding a multi-color illumination source configured for pulsed or continuous wave operation. A microfluidic channel is disposed in the housing and is fluidically coupled to a source of fluid containing objects that flow through the microfluidic channel. A color image sensor is disposed adjacent to the microfluidic channel and receives light from the illumination source that passes through the microfluidic channel. The image sensor captures image frames containing raw hologram images of the moving objects passing through the microfluidic channel. The image frames are subject to image processing to reconstruct phase and/or intensity images of the moving objects for each color. The reconstructed phase and/or intensity images are then input to a trained deep neural network that outputs a phase recovered image of the moving objects. The trained deep neural network may also be trained to classify object types.

A system and method includes a display device comprising a spatial light modulator arranged to output spatially modulated light to form an image. The system further includes a waveguide pupil expander configured to receive spatially modulated light from the display device at an input port thereof and to expand the viewing window of the system. The system further comprises a controller. In examples, the controller is configured to control the spatially modulated light output by the display device, such as to control (e.g., turn off) a light source of the display device, in response to a signal indicating detection of the breakage of glass. The signal indicating detection of the breakage of glass may be generated in response to the detection of stray laser light of the holographic system by an eye-tracking system.

A holographic display apparatus includes a backlight unit having a light source configured to emit coherent light, a spatial light modulator configured to diffract incident light from the backlight unit and generate a holographic image, a beam deflector configured to change a traveling direction of the incident light from the backlight unit to change a focal position of the holographic image, an eye-tracking sensor configured to recognize positions of a viewer's eyeballs, and a controller configured to perform, in real time, calibration of the eye-tracking sensor and the beam deflector to focus the holographic image on the recognized positions of the viewer's eyeballs.

An ultrasound emitter launches an ultrasonic signal into a diffuse medium such as tissue. The diffuse medium is illuminated with an infrared illumination signal. activating an ultrasound emitter to launch an ultrasonic signal into a diffuse medium. An infrared reference beam is interfered with an infrared exit signal having an infrared wavelength that is the same as the infrared illumination signal. An infrared image is captured of the interference of the infrared reference beam with the infrared exit signal.

A method includes projecting, with a holographic optical element, a first view of an eye toward an imaging device, and projecting, with the holographic optical element, a second view of the eye, distinct from the first view of the eye, toward the imaging device so that the first view and the second view of the eye are concurrently received by the imaging device. An eye tracking device for performing the method, a holographic optical element used for the method, and a method of making the holographic optical element are also disclosed.

Apparatus for detecting a 3D structure of an object, comprising at least three laser emitters and a beam splitter that splits the laser radiation of the laser emitters into a reference radiation and an illumination radiation. The illumination radiation strikes the object to be measured, is reflected by the object as object radiation and interferes with the reference radiation. A detector receives the interference patterns formed from the interference of the reference and object radiation and an analysis unit analyzes the interference patterns. At least two of the laser emitters emit laser radiation in the invisible range and the analysis unit detects the object in three dimensions based on the interference patterns of the invisible laser radiation. At least one of the laser emitters emits colored laser radiation and the analysis unit deduces the object's color based on the intensity of the colored object radiation reflected by the object.

A system is provided. The system includes a light source configured to emit an infrared light to illuminate an eye of a user. The system includes a grating disposed facing the eye and including a birefringent material film configured with a uniform birefringence lower than or equal to 0.1. The grating is configured to diffract the infrared light reflected from the eye, and transmit a visible light from a real world environment toward the eye, with a diffraction efficiency less than a predetermined threshold. The system includes an optical sensor configured to receive the diffracted infrared light and generate an image of the eye based on the diffracted infrared light.