A method for producing a hologram (1), (1) for security elements (1a) and/or security documents (1b). One or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged in front of and/or behind one or more virtual models (20) and/or one or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged such that they intersect one or more virtual models (20). One or more virtual light sources (30) are arranged on one or more partial regions of the surface (21) of one or more of the virtual models (20). One or more virtual electromagnetic fields (40) are calculated starting from at least one of the virtual light sources (30) in one or more zones (11) of the one or more virtual hologram planes (10). In the one or more zones (11), in each case, a virtual total electromagnetic field (41) is calculated on the basis of the sum of two or more, of the virtual electromagnetic fields (40) in the respective zone (11). One or more phase images (50) are calculated from the virtual total electromagnetic fields (41) in the one or more zones (11). A height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is calculated from the one or more phase images (50) and the height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is incorporated into a substrate (2) to provide the hologram (1).

An apparatus and method for displaying holograms. A compact and self-contained lighting system for a display hologram, which can produce high quality images and which is substantially insensitive to stray light.

The invention relates to a multilayer body with a volume hologram layer and a partial opaque layer, arranged on a surface of the volume hologram layer, which is present in a first area and is not present in a second area. The invention furthermore relates to a method for the production of such a multilayer body, as well as a security element and security document with such a multilayer body.

An interlayer film (10) for laminated glass comprises an optical function layer (15) and a first thermoplastic resin layer (11) provided on one surface (15A) side of the optical function layer (15). The optical function layer (15) comprises a matrix polymer, a polymer of a photoreactive monomer, and a photopolymerization initiator. The first thermoplastic resin layer (11) comprises an ultraviolet ray absorber and has a transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm of 20% or less.

Various embodiments of the present technology generally relate to reflection suppressors. More specifically, some embodiments use elastomeric materials doped with optical absorbers for temporary suppression of Fresnel reflections for multiple substrates spanning wide spectral and angular bandwidth. The refractive index of the elastomer can be tuned to match a substrate and thereby minimize reflection. Some embodiments can use the addition of different absorptive dopants to allow for either broadband or wavelength-selective reflection suppression. As performance is limited only by index mismatch, both spectral and angular performance significantly exceed that of anti-reflection coatings. After use, these light traps may be removed and reused without damaging the substrate. These films have uses in spectroscopic ellipsometry, holography, and lithography.

Exemplary systems that may reduce or eliminate the visibility of a boundary between the displaying portions of the system and the non-displaying portions of the system are disclosed. An exemplary system includes a display screen including a plurality of pixels forming a first periodic structure and a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display screen. The frame may include a holographic structure having a second periodic structure. The first pitch of the first periodic structure may be within 0.5 percent to 20 percent of the second pitch of the second periodic structure.

Systems may reduce or eliminate the visibility of a boundary between the displaying portions of the system and the non-displaying portions of the system. An exemplary system includes a display screen including a plurality of pixels forming a first periodic structure and a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display screen. The frame may include a holographic structure having a second periodic structure. The first pitch of the first periodic structure may be within 0.5 percent to 20 percent of the second pitch of the second periodic structure.

This application relates to a see-through head-mounted display using recorded substrate-guided holographic continuous lens (SGHCL) and a microdisplay with narrow spectral band source or laser illumination. The high diffraction efficiency of the volume SGHCL creates very high luminance of the virtual image.

A security document having a security element including a multilayer body with a volume hologram layer and a partial opaque layer, arranged on a surface of the volume hologram layer, which is present in a first area and is not present in a second area.

This application relates to a see-through head-mounted display using recorded substrate-guided holographic continuous lens (SGHCL) and a microdisplay with narrow spectral band source or laser illumination. The high diffraction efficiency of the volume SGHCL creates very high luminance of the virtual image.