A method for producing a hologram on a curved substrate plate includes providing a curved substrate plate having a substrate surface, the actual geometry of which is subject to a tolerance deviation with respect to a predetermined desired geometry; providing an inflatable cushion with a cushion surface that can be deformed under the effect of pressure and is preformed into the predetermined desired geometry or with a predetermined deviation therefrom; applying a holographic master in the form of a flexible thin layer to the deformable cushion surface and applying a hologram-recording layer to the substrate surface; pressing or placing the holographic master onto the hologram-recording layer by way of the cushion surface deformed to the actual geometry, thereby achieving full surface-area contact between them with a substantially constant predetermined layer thickness of the hologram-recording layer, and exposing the hologram-recording layer to form a hologram.

A method for producing a curved substrate panel with a hologram includes producing a curved substrate panel from plastic by forming, injection moulding or injection-compression molding between a first mold half, which defines a predetermined desired geometry of a substrate surface, and a second mold half removing the first mold half from the second mold half and applying a holographic master to a surface of the first mold half, or of a further mold half fixing the first mold half or further mold half on the second mold half such that an empty gap of a predetermined constant thickness remains between the holographic master and the substrate surface, and filling this gap with a hologram-receiving material; and exposing the hologram-receiving layer formed between the substrate surface and the holographic master with a coherent light for forming a hologram defined by the holographic master.

The present invention features new waveguide layouts for input, redirection (expansion), and output holograms that minimize cross talk between colors and allow all three colors to reside in a single waveguide. The use of multiple incoupling holograms that diffract different colors of light in different directions, or along different paths, through a waveguide substrate advantageously provides for a reduction of cross-talk between the colors of a holographic image. In a square-shaped design, red, green, and blue input and output holograms approximately overlay on top of each other. The green redirection hologram is laterally separated from the red and blue redirection holograms. Using this square-shape design, the light beams for the three colors are separated into two paths propagating from input to output holograms.

A method for producing a hologram (1), (1) for security elements (1a) and/or security documents (1b). One or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged in front of and/or behind one or more virtual models (20) and/or one or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged such that they intersect one or more virtual models (20). One or more virtual light sources (30) are arranged on one or more partial regions of the surface (21) of one or more of the virtual models (20). One or more virtual electromagnetic fields (40) are calculated starting from at least one of the virtual light sources (30) in one or more zones (11) of the one or more virtual hologram planes (10). In the one or more zones (11), in each case, a virtual total electromagnetic field (41) is calculated on the basis of the sum of two or more, of the virtual electromagnetic fields (40) in the respective zone (11). One or more phase images (50) are calculated from the virtual total electromagnetic fields (41) in the one or more zones (11). A height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is calculated from the one or more phase images (50) and the height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is incorporated into a substrate (2) to provide the hologram (1).

A device for manufacturing a replica hologram, comprising a holder for a light-sensitive recording material, into which the replica hologram is to be imprinted, a holder for a master hologram, as well as a lighting device for generating light for exposing the master hologram, the color of the light generated by the lighting device being variable, and the lighting device comprising optics for exposing the master hologram with the aid of the light generated by the lighting device, the device being designed in such a way that the light emanating from the master hologram impinges on the recording material to manufacture the replica hologram.

A spectacle lens has a transparent substrate and at least one HOE-capable polymer layer arranged on the transparent substrate. The at least one HOE-capable polymer layer is suitable for forming a holographic optical element. Related methods and apparatus are described.

A method for producing a hologram (1), (1) for security elements (1a) and/or security documents (1b). One or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged in front of and/or behind one or more virtual models (20) and/or one or more virtual hologram planes (10) are arranged such that they intersect one or more virtual models (20). One or more virtual light sources (30) are arranged on one or more partial regions of the surface (21) of one or more of the virtual models (20). One or more virtual electromagnetic fields (40) are calculated starting from at least one of the virtual light sources (30) in one or more zones (11) of the one or more virtual hologram planes (10). In the one or more zones (11), in each case, a virtual total electromagnetic field (41) is calculated on the basis of the sum of two or more, of the virtual electromagnetic fields (40) in the respective zone (11). One or more phase images (50) are calculated from the virtual total electromagnetic fields (41) in the one or more zones (11). A height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is calculated from the one or more phase images (50) and the height profile (60) of the hologram (1) is incorporated into a substrate (2) to provide the hologram (1).

An optical device including a first rigid substrate, a flexible holographic optical element, a transparent flexible material having a variable shear transmission property across an in-plane direction of the flexible holographic optical element, and a second rigid substrate, where the flexible holographic optical element and the transparent flexible material are located between the first and second rigid substrates, where the variable shear transmission property of the transparent flexible material transmits variable amounts of a shear force applied to the first or second rigid substrates across the in-plane direction of the flexible holographic optical element.

A method for manufacturing a security element includes forming a first layer from a transparent material, forming a first holographic surface structure on the first layer, metallizing the first layer to form a first metal layer, forming a second layer from a radiation-sensitive polymer, forming a second holographic surface structure on the second layer, metallizing the second layer to form the second metal layer, forming a pattern of a coating on the second metal layer in which the pattern includes regions covered by the coating and regions uncovered by the coating, removal of the metal in regions of the second metal layer which are uncovered by the coating through de-metallization, exposing the de-metallized regions of the second layer to light or radiation, and removal of the metal in regions of the first metal layer that are not covered by the second layer, through de-metallization.

A spectacle lens has a transparent substrate and at least one HOE-capable polymer layer arranged on the transparent substrate. The at least one HOE-capable polymer layer is suitable for forming a holographic optical element. Related methods and apparatus are described.