A method includes obtaining an actual value of a condition affected by operating the building equipment, operating the building equipment using a setpoint for the condition, calculating a stability index based on a timeseries of errors between the actual value and the setpoint, comparing the stability index to a criterion, in response to the stability index satisfying the criterion, executing an action relating to the building equipment, and in response to the stability index not satisfying the criterion, not executing the action.

A method includes obtaining an actual value of a condition affected by operating the building equipment, operating the building equipment using a setpoint for the condition, calculating a stability index based on a timeseries of errors between the actual value and the setpoint, comparing the stability index to a criterion, in response to the stability index satisfying the criterion, executing an action relating to the building equipment, and in response to the stability index not satisfying the criterion, not executing the action.

An embodiment of a method for operating a modular test bench is disclosed, wherein the modular test bench comprises at least one test module to test a test object. The method comprises receiving first information on a hardware revision and on a software revision of the test module and receiving second information on a hardware revision and on a software revision of the test object. The method further comprises determining, if the combination of the first information and the second information fulfills a predetermined criterion and outputting a check signal, enabling the use of the test bench if the combination of the first information and the second information fulfills the predetermined criterion.

A computer implemented method for generating a problem specific representation of a process network to enable controlling or monitoring a process network with at least two interconnected chemical plants, the method comprising the steps of providing a first digital representation of the process network comprising a digital process representation of each plant, its connections to other plants and sensor elements placed in the process network, generating based on the first digital representation a graph structure including vertices representing unit operations, edges linking unit operations representing at least physico-chemical quantities, wherein the edges include edge meta data representing at least physico-chemical quantities, and a measurable tag, generating based on the graph structure a collapsed graph structure including, vertices representing virtual unit operations, edges linking virtual unit operations representing at least physico-chemical quantities, wherein the edges include edge meta data representing observable physico chemical quantities, and their relation to vertices, deriving a set of balance equations from the collapsed graph structure, providing the set of balance equations, and physico- chemical quantities for monitoring and/or controlling operation of a process network is proposed.

A method for generating a process model modeling a manual mode procedure instance of a plant process includes providing log events of operational actions; selecting related sequences of manual mode operational actions from the log events; filtering the related sequences according to an individual plant section; identifying a sequential order from the filtered related sequences; determining statistical properties of values of related process variables and/or statistical properties of values of related set point changes to each sequential ordered manual mode operational action from the filtered related sequences; generating the process model of the manual mode procedure instance by arranging related manual mode operational actions with the sequential order of each operational action assigned with the statistical properties of the values of related process variables and/or assigned with the statistical properties of the values of the related set point changes.

A simulation device configured to perform a simulation based on a digital twin service includes a creation unit configured to create a simulation model based on model design data; an identification unit configured to identify at least one intrinsic parameter of the created simulation model and at least one input value related to the intrinsic parameter; an output unit configured to output an estimated output value which is produced from the simulation model depending on the input value based on the intrinsic parameter; a correlation analysis unit configured to analyze a correlation between the intrinsic parameter and the estimated output value; a selection unit configured to select at least one representative intrinsic parameter from among the at least one intrinsic parameter depending on the analyzed correlation; a collection unit configured to collect real sensor data related to the representative intrinsic parameter from a real model constructed based on the model design data; an update unit configured to update the at least one representative intrinsic parameter based on the collected real sensor data and the estimated output value; and a simulation unit configured to perform a simulation by applying the updated representative intrinsic parameter to the simulation model.

A method comprises emitting detection radiation into a container; receiving a reflection of the emitted radiation from contents of the container; interpreting the received reflection to determine the contents of the container.

A method comprises emitting detection radiation into a container; receiving a reflection of the emitted radiation from contents of the container; interpreting the received reflection to determine the contents of the container.

This disclosure is generally directed to systems and methods for providing a software sensor in a vehicle. In an example embodiment, a determination is made regarding the availability of a feature upgrade to a vehicle and a request may be made (to a cloud computer, for example), for obtaining the feature upgrade. The cloud computer provides an emulation software module based on emulating a first sensor that is unavailable in the vehicle. The feature upgrade may be installed in the vehicle by executing the emulation software module and by use of a second sensor that is available in the vehicle. In an example implementation, the second sensor available in the vehicle is a type of hardware sensor such as, for example, a camera, and the first sensor that is emulated is a different type of hardware sensor such as, for example, an air quality sensor.

A method for synchronizing virtual and real statuses of a digital twin system of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) includes: performing parameter configuration for a virtual object system and a physical object system of the UAV; performing time synchronization between the virtual object system and the physical object system; detecting an event trigger type, wherein the event trigger type is a training event or a monitoring event; and triggering a corresponding synchronization controller based on the detected event trigger type, such that the synchronization controller performs result synchronization and process synchronization for the virtual object system and the physical object system based on the event trigger type, where a synchronization controller corresponding to the training event is a controller for synchronizing a physical object to a virtual object, and a synchronization controller corresponding to the monitoring event is a controller for synchronizing the virtual object to the physical object.