A field device which outputs a measured value and includes a self-diagnosis function which, when at least one specified error is detected, signals this error, marks the output measured value as temporarily invalid, and initiates the output of a substitute value that is used to trigger a safety-oriented response, where to prevent interventions when temporary errors occur, but without losing safety-relevant information, the field device includes a first and second timers having different expiration times that are started when the error is detected and are reset at the end of the detected error, where the first timer initiates the output of the substitute value when the first expiration time expires, where the second timer signals the error when the second expiration time expires, and where the signal is resettable if, at the same time, the output measured value is marked as valid via the second binary status signal.

A field device which outputs a measured value and includes a self-diagnosis function which, when at least one specified error is detected, signals this error, marks the output measured value as temporarily invalid, and initiates the output of a substitute value that is used to trigger a safety-oriented response, where to prevent interventions when temporary errors occur, but without losing safety-relevant information, the field device includes a first and second timers having different expiration times that are started when the error is detected and are reset at the end of the detected error, where the first timer initiates the output of the substitute value when the first expiration time expires, where the second timer signals the error when the second expiration time expires, and where the signal is resettable if, at the same time, the output measured value is marked as valid via the second binary status signal.

An assembly material logistics system and methods includes a marketplace component storage area and an assembly area each including an aligned rack aisle for the selected positioning of predetermined full containers and empty containers depleted of components. A plurality of transfer vehicles movable along a material aisle positioned directly adjacent to the rack aisle reciprocally move between the component storage and assembly areas to retrieve and deposit full and empty component storage containers to support assembly of at least one product in the assembly area. In one example, the component storage area includes a large component storage area, small component storage area and a consumable materials storage area. In an alternate example, the transfer vehicles include a first support and a second support to simultaneously support and transfer both a full component container and an empty component container leading to greater efficiency of material logistics.

A method and a system for compensating an offset of a resolver, may include sampling an output signal of the resolver at a predetermined sampling frequency, comparing magnitudes of the sampled output signals of the resolver, when a difference in magnitude between the sampled output signals of the resolver is greater than a predetermined reference value, controlling the motor by a random pulse width modulation (RPWM) scheme in which switching frequencies of the switching elements in the inverter are arbitrarily changed, and compensating an offset of the resolver coupled to the motor while controlling the motor with the RPWM scheme.

A method and a system for compensating an offset of a resolver, may include sampling an output signal of the resolver at a predetermined sampling frequency, comparing magnitudes of the sampled output signals of the resolver, when a difference in magnitude between the sampled output signals of the resolver is greater than a predetermined reference value, controlling the motor by a random pulse width modulation (RPWM) scheme in which switching frequencies of the switching elements in the inverter are arbitrarily changed, and compensating an offset of the resolver coupled to the motor while controlling the motor with the RPWM scheme.

A method and a system for compensating an offset of a resolver, may include sampling an output signal of the resolver at a predetermined sampling frequency, comparing magnitudes of the sampled output signals of the resolver, when a difference in magnitude between the sampled output signals of the resolver is greater than a predetermined reference value, controlling the motor by a random pulse width modulation (RPWM) scheme in which switching frequencies of the switching elements in the inverter are arbitrarily changed, and compensating an offset of the resolver coupled to the motor while controlling the motor with the RPWM scheme.

A method and a system for compensating an offset of a resolver, may include sampling an output signal of the resolver at a predetermined sampling frequency, comparing magnitudes of the sampled output signals of the resolver, when a difference in magnitude between the sampled output signals of the resolver is greater than a predetermined reference value, controlling the motor by a random pulse width modulation (RPWM) scheme in which switching frequencies of the switching elements in the inverter are arbitrarily changed, and compensating an offset of the resolver coupled to the motor while controlling the motor with the RPWM scheme.

An assembly material logistics system and methods includes a marketplace component storage area and an assembly area each including an aligned rack aisle for the selected positioning of predetermined full containers and empty containers depleted of components. A plurality of transfer vehicles movable along a material aisle positioned directly adjacent to the rack aisle reciprocally move between the component storage and assembly areas to retrieve and deposit full and empty component storage containers to support assembly of at least one product in the assembly area. In one example, the component storage area includes a large component storage area, small component storage area and a consumable materials storage area. In an alternate example, the transfer vehicles include a first support and a second support to simultaneously support and transfer both a full component container and an empty component container leading to greater efficiency of material logistics.

A field device which outputs a measured value and includes a self-diagnosis function which, when at least one specified error is detected, signals this error, marks the output measured value as temporarily invalid, and initiates the output of a substitute value that is used to trigger a safety-oriented response, where to prevent interventions when temporary errors occur, but without losing safety-relevant information, the field device includes a first and second timers having different expiration times that are started when the error is detected and are reset at the end of the detected error, where the first timer initiates the output of the substitute value when the first expiration time expires, where the second timer signals the error when the second expiration time expires, and where the signal is resettable if, at the same time, the output measured value is marked as valid via the second binary status signal.

A field device which outputs a measured value and includes a self-diagnosis function which, when at least one specified error is detected, signals this error, marks the output measured value as temporarily invalid, and initiates the output of a substitute value that is used to trigger a safety-oriented response, where to prevent interventions when temporary errors occur, but without losing safety-relevant information, the field device includes a first and second timers having different expiration times that are started when the error is detected and are reset at the end of the detected error, where the first timer initiates the output of the substitute value when the first expiration time expires, where the second timer signals the error when the second expiration time expires, and where the signal is resettable if, at the same time, the output measured value is marked as valid via the second binary status signal.