A system for production of liquid food (P) comprises a food processing arrangement (2) and a computer device (3), e.g. a PLC. The computer device (3) sequentially executes a control program (5A) to control the food processing arrangement (2) to perform processing steps for producing the liquid food (P) from one or more ingredients in accordance with a predefined recipe. The program comprises command instructions that each allocates a respective processing step to a predefined control command among a predefined set. To enable parallelism, despite the sequential execution by the computer device (3), the set of control commands comprises a start command which is associated, by the computer device (3), with an action of: starting the food processing step that is allocated to the start command and proceeding, without waiting for the food processing step to be completed, to a subsequent instruction in the list of instructions.

A method for managing access control within a modular automation system including at least two automation modules. Each automation module is associated with an operation or a set of operations for carrying out a specific task. The method includes: receiving a schema of a common process including at least the order of processing steps of the modular automation system, wherein each processing step includes one or more of the specific tasks of the automation modules; generating privilege associations for each processing step with one or more automation modules, based on the schema; and generating an access control policy for the automation modules based on the privilege associations.

A state management system according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a generation unit that generates a state element representing a modification request to change a first state element to a second state element, the first state element representing a state of an element, in which a first setting value is set, of a system of before modification, the second state element representing a state of the element, in which a second setting value is set, of the system of after modification, wherein a current state indicated by the first state element is a current state indicated by the second state element, and the modification request indicates that the current state is a request state, a state that depends on difference between the first setting value and the second setting value is the current state, and the second setting value is a setting value after modification.

A system for production of liquid food (P) comprises a food processing arrangement (2) and a computer device (3), e.g. a PLC. The computer device (3) sequentially executes a control program (5A) to control the food processing arrangement (2) to perform processing steps for producing the liquid food (P) from one or more ingredients in accordance with a predefmed recipe. The program comprises command instructions that each allocates a respective processing step to a predefined control command among a predefmed set. To enable parallelism, despite the sequential execution by the computer device (3), the set of control commands comprises a start command which is associated, by the computer device (3), with an action of: starting the food processing step that is allocated to the start command and proceeding, without waiting for the food processing step to be completed, to a subsequent instruction in the list of instructions.

A method for managing access control within a modular automation system including at least two automation modules. Each automation module is associated with an operation or a set of operations for carrying out a specific task. The method includes: receiving a schema of a common process including at least the order of processing steps of the modular automation system, wherein each processing step includes one or more of the specific tasks of the automation modules; generating privilege associations for each processing step with one or more automation modules, based on the schema; and generating an access control policy for the automation modules based on the privilege associations.