A robot teaching system includes: a robot position and attitude calculation unit that calculates positions and attitudes of a robot corresponding to respective teaching instructions and points between the respective teaching instructions included in a working program for operating the robot; an imaginary robot information generation unit that generates imaginary robot information corresponding to the respective teaching instructions and the points between the respective teaching instructions on a basis of the positions and attitudes of the robot; a teaching instruction selection unit that selects at least one of the respective teaching instructions included in the working program; and a display unit that displays the imaginary robot information on a basis of the selected teaching instruction. The robot teaching system is able to easily confirm the position and attitude of the robot in an arbitrary teaching instruction of the working program.