A computer-implemented method for operating a shut-off device for a fluid includes: using a mathematical model to calculate a current static fluid pressure at a location of interest within a shut-off device as a function of at least one measured state variable of the fluid; determining a vapor pressure of the fluid; comparing a current static fluid pressure with a cavitation limit value which is dependent on a vapor pressure of the fluid; and in the event of the calculated current static fluid pressure falling below the cavitation limit value dependent on the vapor pressure of the fluid, signaling the presence or expected presence of cavitation at the location of interest of the shut-off device. A related shut-off device is also disclosed.

A pool automation system is connectable with one or more pieces of equipment associated with a swimming pool or spa. The pool automation system may receive a demand event with a requested load reduction, and the pool automation system may determine a demand response for the one or more pieces of equipment associated with the swimming pool or spa based on the demand event and based on information gathered by the pool automation system about the at least one piece of equipment. The demand response may be based on a prioritization of the one or more pieces of equipment associated with the swimming pool or spa. The pool automation system may implement control of the one or more pieces of equipment associated with the swimming pool or spa responsive to the demand event.

Systems and methods for dynamically controlling chlorinator operations based on chlorine demand may include receiving an operation command associated with a chlorinator for a fluid system with a chlorinator operation management controller (“management controller”). The management controller may determine a remaining runtime for the chlorinator and access measured values for fluid conditions from a plurality of fluid condition sensors for fluid of the fluid system. The management controller may determine a current chlorine demand based on the measured fluid conditions and a predetermined threshold for a chlorine level for the fluid. An operation of the chlorinator between an active state and an inactive state may be caused by the controller based on the current chlorine demand, the remaining runtime, and a configuration of components for the fluid system. Causing the operation of the chlorinator may include managing operations of a legacy control for the chlorinator.

A pole system for racking, storing, germinating, propagating and growing living organisms on a growth tray, the pole system including: a substantially vertical support structure, the support structure including at least one utility system for supporting propagation or growth of a living organism; one or more vertically-spaced interface positions, each for interfacing with a growth tray; and one or more openings in the support structure, corresponding to one or more of the interface positions, for providing services to interfaced growth tray(s) is disclosed. Further, a hydroponic system and method using the pole system are disclosed.

The present disclosure provides a method for controlling the coolant flow of a liquid-cooled power battery, a system, and a vehicle. The method obtains a relationship between a temperature difference within a battery pack and a temperature difference within the coolant, and deduces a target temperature difference within the coolant according to a target temperature difference within the battery pack and the relationship between the temperature difference within the battery pack and the temperature difference within the coolant. The method determines a required flow capacity of the coolant according to the target temperature difference within the coolant, and controls a battery cooling pump to operate according to the required flow capacity of the coolant. The problem of higher energy consumption existing in existing liquid-cooled battery packs for controlling the temperature difference within the battery pack is resolved by the disclosure.

A steam trap may include a processor and an electronic water sensor configured to determine a presence of water in the steam trap and transmit data regarding the presence of the water to the processor. The steam trap may further include an electronically actuatable valve configured to be driven by signals from the processor.

In one embodiment, an electronic system comprises a display device to display data and processing logic coupled to the display device. The processing logic is configured to determine a duty cycle of at least one sensor for sensing flow of a product or particle through a product or particle line of an agricultural implement and to determine an amount of product or particles flowing through a line of the agricultural implement based on the duty cycle of the at least one sensor.

A method for controlling a filling process, wherein a predetermined filling quantity of a medium is filled into a container, the flow rate of the medium flowing into the container is measured as a time series of measured values for the instantaneous flow rate and a filling quantity already filled is estimated from the time series, wherein at least one current measured value of the time series is corrected on the basis of at least one earlier measured value of an earlier time series of measured values of the flow rate of an earlier filling process.

A system and method perform automatic switching of multiple vendor controllers with an interfaced input/output device. The method comprises storing parameters in a memory, wherein the parameters specify each type of instrument controller in a respective one of a plurality of vendor classes, and automatically switching a signal between an instrument and at least one of a first instrument controller of a first vendor class and a second instrument controller of a second vendor class using the parameters, wherein the first vendor class and the second vendor class are different. The system and an automatic input/output switch controller implement the method.

A method and system for compensating for stiction of a control valve in a pneumatically controlled valve system. A digital twin model of the pneumatically controlled valve system is generated. A current segment of data signals is received from a process measurement device connected to the pneumatically controlled valve system. Operation of the pneumatically controlled valve system is monitored by comparing the current segment to the digital twin model. Stiction is detected when the digital twin model directly detects stiction or when the nonlinearity and Gaussian index are above a certain threshold. A severity of the stiction is determined. Instructions for a stiction control device are used to generate control signals to be applied to the actuator to compensate for the severity of the stiction. Further, the digital twin model is displayed with a representation of the severity of the stiction.