Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for optimizing a plan for one or more robots using a process definition graph. One of the methods includes receiving a process definition graph for a robot, the process definition graph having a plurality of action nodes. One or more of the action nodes are motion nodes that represent a motion to be taken by the robot from a respective start location to an end location. It is determined that a motion node satisfies one or more splitting criteria, and in response to determining that the motion node satisfies the one or more splitting criteria, the process definition graph is modified. Modifying the process definition graph includes splitting the motion node into two or more separate motion nodes whose respective paths can be scheduled independently.

An acquisition section 42 acquires a pose at a clock time ti and a pose at a clock time tj for each of plural robots, and acquires structural information. Based on structural information a computation section 44 computes positions of the prescribed part for each of the robots at the clock times ti, tj and at a midway clock times tc. A possibility determination section determines a possibility of interference, based on any overlap between added-margin regions resulting from addition of a prescribed margin to a circumscribing shape containing positions of the prescribed part at the clock times ti, tj, and tc for each of the robots. In cases in which there is a possibility of interference, an end determination section 48 sets tc so as to be a new ti or a new tj, and causes processing of the computation section 44 and the possibility determination section 46 to be executed repeatedly until a spacing between the prescribed parts satisfies an end condition. When determined that the end condition has been satisfied, an interference determination section 50 determines whether or not there is interference between the prescribed parts between the robots at any of the positions at ti, tc, and tj.

A synthetic representation of a robot tool for display on a user interface of a robotic system. The synthetic representation may be used to show the position of a view volume of an image capture device with respect to the robot. The synthetic representation may also be used to find a tool that is outside of the field of view, to display range of motion limits for a tool, to remotely communicate information about the robot, and to detect collisions.

A processing time prediction method includes the following steps. A plurality of sampling points are set, defined by segmenting an operation time period into respective sampling time intervals. A posture assumed by a first robot and a posture assumed by a second robot for each of the sampling points are calculated, and a posture calculation time is measured. The posture assumed by the first robot and the posture assumed by the second robot for each of the sampling points are calculated, the presence or absence of interference is detected, and a posture calculation and interference detection time is measured. An interference detection time at the plurality of sampling points is computed, from a difference between the posture calculation and interference detection time and the posture calculation time. A unit processing time is computed by dividing the interference detection time by a number of the set sampling points.

A method and apparatus for supplying cables to robots at non-static locations. A work platform for supporting one or more humans is positioned above a base platform for supporting one or more are robots independently of the work platform. A cable carrier system for providing cables to the robots is positioned underneath the work platform and above the base platform.

A control system is provided. A second robot in this control system has a trajectory calculation unit which calculates a trajectory of the second robot so as to avoid a first robot if it is determined that the first robot and the second robot will collide.

A system comprises a first robotic arm adapted to support and move a tool and a second robotic arm adapted to support and move a camera configured to capture an image of a camera field of view. The system further comprises an input device, a display, and a processor. The processor is configured to display a first synthetic image including a first synthetic image of the tool. The first synthetic image of the tool includes a portion of the tool outside of the camera field of view. The processor is also configured to receive a user input at the input device and responsive to the user input, change the display of the first synthetic image to a display of a second synthetic image including a second synthetic image of the tool that is different from the first synthetic image of the tool.

In the following, a method for synchronizing the motion sequences of at least two robots will be described. In accordance with one embodiment, the method comprises the following: During operation of a robot cell having at least two robots, a path parameter is regularly calculated for each of the at least two robots based on a current position of the respective robot and on a previously specified robot path of the respective robot. The path parameter represents the current position of the robot. Subsequently, a run-ahead limit is calculated for each robot based on the path parameters determined for the respective other robots. Based on the respective calculated run-ahead limit, the path speed of every robot can be adjusted.

A system comprises a first robotic arm adapted to support and move a tool and a second robotic arm adapted to support and move a camera. The system also comprises an input device, a display, and a processor. The processor is configured to, in a first mode, command the first robotic arm to move the camera in response to a first input received from the input device to capture an image of the tool and present the image as a displayed image on the display. The processor is configured to, in a second mode, display a synthetic image of the first robotic arm in a boundary area around the captured image on the display, and in response to a second input, change a size of the boundary area relative a size of the displayed image.

A control system is provided. A second robot in this control system has a trajectory calculation unit which calculates a trajectory of the second robot so as to avoid a first robot if it is determined that the first robot and the second robot will collide.