A method includes receiving, at one or more processors, airport runway geospatial data indicating a geospatial area associated with an airport runway and an altitude associated with the airport runway. The method also includes receiving aircraft location data associated with an aircraft. The aircraft location data indicates a position of the aircraft at different times and an altitude of the aircraft at different times. The method further includes determining whether the aircraft performed a touch-and-go operation on the airport runway based on the airport runway geospatial data and the aircraft location data. The touch-and-go operation includes the aircraft contacting the airport runway and subsequently taking off from the airport runway without stopping. The method also includes generating a notification in response to a determination that the aircraft performed the touch-and-go operation.

Systems and methods are provided for landing of an aerial vehicle on a runway. The systems include a runway overrun awareness and alerting system (ROAAS) configured to: monitor flight parameters during an approach phase and landing phase of a flight, and determine a landing distance value based on the flight parameters, an automatic flight control system (AFCS) including an automatic flight runway overrun awareness and alerting system (AF-ROAAS) protection mode configured to adjust energy of the aerial vehicle during the approach phase and/or the landing phase to reduce a likelihood of the aerial vehicle overrunning the runway, and a controller configured to: compare the landing distance value and an available runway length value to a threshold criterion, wherein the threshold criterion corresponds to the likelihood of the vehicle overrunning the runway, and automatically activating the AF-ROAAS protection mode in response to a determination that the threshold criterion is met.

A system and a method for detecting and protecting an aircraft against inappropriate piloting by a pilot potentially experiencing spatial disorientation related to a somatogravic illusion. The method includes: obtaining flight information and status information; estimating a current value of a perceived longitudinal attitude based on the flight information; computing a difference between the current value of the perceived longitudinal attitude and a current value of an actual longitudinal attitude; and then determining, when this deviation is greater than or equal to a predetermined longitudinal attitude deviation threshold, whether a piloting action performed by the pilot is inappropriate based on the status information of the aircraft; and then activating, when the performed piloting action is inappropriate, a protective measure.