An emergency system for an aircraft. The emergency system comprises an autopilot controller arranged in a cockpit of the aircraft and configured to automatically fly the aircraft including performing predefined maneuvers, and an emergency button arranged in a crew rest compartment outside of the cockpit and configured to send an emergency landing signal to the surveillance system and/or the autopilot controller when activated. Also an aircraft section and aircraft.

A pilot monitoring system is configured to monitor the current status of an aircraft, and determine if the pilot is likely experiencing perception-based incapacitation. Based on accumulated data, certain aircraft states (control positions, flight phase, etc.) can be associated with a likelihood of perception-based incapacitation. The system may characterize pilot inputs during periods of likely perception-based incapacitation, and take remedial action when actual perception-based incapacitation is identified.

A system and a method for detecting and protecting an aircraft against inappropriate piloting by a pilot potentially experiencing spatial disorientation related to a somatogravic illusion. The method includes: obtaining flight information and status information; estimating a current value of a perceived longitudinal attitude based on the flight information; computing a difference between the current value of the perceived longitudinal attitude and a current value of an actual longitudinal attitude; and then determining, when this deviation is greater than or equal to a predetermined longitudinal attitude deviation threshold, whether a piloting action performed by the pilot is inappropriate based on the status information of the aircraft; and then activating, when the performed piloting action is inappropriate, a protective measure.