A phasor measurement unit (PMU) of the present disclosure measures phasor, i.e., magnitude and phase angle of voltage and current, and related data from a specific location on the electrical gird synchronized to a common time source. The time-synchronized phasor is called a synchrophasor. In a system of the present disclosure, a plurality of PMUs transmit the synchrophasors and related data to a phasor data concentrator (PDC), which aggregates and time-aligns the data for real time and post analysis. The PMU of the present disclosure further functions as a power quality meter determining at least one of symmetrical components' phasor, frequency, rate of change of frequency, high-speed digital inputs, analog fundamental power and/or displacement power factor.

A phasor measurement unit (PMU) of the present disclosure measures phasor, i.e., magnitude and phase angle of voltage and current, and related data from a specific location on the electrical gird synchronized to a common time source. The time-synchronized phasor is called a synchrophasor. In a system of the present disclosure, a plurality of PMUs transmit the synchrophasors and related data to a phasor data concentrator (PDC), which aggregates and time-aligns the data for real time and post analysis. The PMU of the present disclosure further functions as a power quality meter determining at least one of symmetrical components' phasor, frequency, rate of change of frequency, high-speed digital inputs, analog fundamental power and/or displacement power factor.

A multi-die semiconductor package includes a first integrated circuit (IC) die having a first intrinsic performance level and a second IC die having a second intrinsic performance level different from the first intrinsic performance level. A power management controller distributes, based on a determined die performance differential between the first IC die and the second IC die, a level of power allocated to the semiconductor chip package between the first IC die and the second IC die. In this manner, the first IC die receives and operates at a first level of power resulting in performance exceeding its intrinsic performance level. The second IC die receives and operates at a second level of power resulting in performance below its intrinsic performance level, thereby reducing performance differentials between the IC dies.

A multi-die semiconductor package includes a first integrated circuit (IC) die having a first intrinsic performance level and a second IC die having a second intrinsic performance level different from the first intrinsic performance level. A power management controller distributes, based on a determined die performance differential between the first IC die and the second IC die, a level of power allocated to the semiconductor chip package between the first IC die and the second IC die. In this manner, the first IC die receives and operates at a first level of power resulting in performance exceeding its intrinsic performance level. The second IC die receives and operates at a second level of power resulting in performance below its intrinsic performance level, thereby reducing performance differentials between the IC dies.

An electrical power source includes a power converter and either an electrical generator or an electrical energy storage device. Power flow is controlled through controlling power converter based on a voltage source and resistance model of the electrical power source. A power converter for an electrical generator is controlled to synthesize or produce a constant voltage of the voltage source and a variable value of the resistance. The resistance value is controlled to deliver a maximum available output power to the electrical microgrid over a range of microgrid voltages up to a voltage below a maximum allowable voltage of the electrical microgrid. For an electrical energy storage device, the power converter is controlled to synthesize or produce a resistance value of the resistance that is dependent upon a phase angle between the voltage at the microgrid side of the electrical power source and current of the electrical energy storage device.

An electrical power source includes a power converter and either an electrical generator or an electrical energy storage device. Power flow is controlled through controlling power converter based on a voltage source and resistance model of the electrical power source. A power converter for an electrical generator is controlled to synthesize or produce a constant voltage of the voltage source and a variable value of the resistance. The resistance value is controlled to deliver a maximum available output power to the electrical microgrid over a range of microgrid voltages up to a voltage below a maximum allowable voltage of the electrical microgrid. For an electrical energy storage device, the power converter is controlled to synthesize or produce a resistance value of the resistance that is dependent upon a phase angle between the voltage at the microgrid side of the electrical power source and current of the electrical energy storage device.

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and associated device for determining when an air filter needs replaced in an electronic device. The method comprises measuring the power needed to produce a predetermined output in a fan or related device that receives air through the air filter and comparing the measured power to previous measurements. When the amount of power needed is greater than a threshold, a dirty filter message or alert is produced.

Embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and associated device for determining when an air filter needs replaced in an electronic device. The method comprises measuring the power needed to produce a predetermined output in a fan or related device that receives air through the air filter and comparing the measured power to previous measurements. When the amount of power needed is greater than a threshold, a dirty filter message or alert is produced.

A method of electrically powering a non-voltage-regulated electricity network, and also to an electrical architecture. The electrical architecture comprises: a plurality of sources of electrical energy including both at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage device and also an electrical power generation device a main electricity network electrically connected directly to the sources of electrical energy; and pieces of electrical equipment electrically powered by the main electricity network. The method comprises both a first powering step for electrically powering the main electricity network by the rechargeable electrical energy storage device and also a second powering step for electrically powering the main electricity network by the electrical power generation device, followed by a regulating step for regulating an internal voltage of the electrical power generation device as a function of the first power delivered by the rechargeable electrical energy storage device.

A method of electrically powering a non-voltage-regulated electricity network, and also to an electrical architecture. The electrical architecture comprises: a plurality of sources of electrical energy including both at least one rechargeable electrical energy storage device and also an electrical power generation device a main electricity network electrically connected directly to the sources of electrical energy; and pieces of electrical equipment electrically powered by the main electricity network. The method comprises both a first powering step for electrically powering the main electricity network by the rechargeable electrical energy storage device and also a second powering step for electrically powering the main electricity network by the electrical power generation device, followed by a regulating step for regulating an internal voltage of the electrical power generation device as a function of the first power delivered by the rechargeable electrical energy storage device.