A first surface of a first sheet has a second image formed in advance. An image forming system generates reference data based on a result of reading an image on the first surface of the first sheet on which a first image is not formed, generates first image data that represents a result of reading an image on the first surface of the first sheet having the first image formed on the first surface, and determines, based on the reference data and the first image data, a relative position between the first image and the second image on the first surface of the first sheet.

A method for evaluating a print quality of a printed document that is printed by a printer is provided. The printer comprises a pre-print image scanner, a post-print image scanner, and a printhead disposed between the pre-print image scanner and the post-print image scanner. The method comprises generating a pre-printing image of a print media, generating the printed document, generating a post-printing image of the printed document, generating a validation image by comparing the post-printing image with the pre-printing image, and comparing the validation image with the source image.

A method for evaluating a print quality of a printed document that is printed by a printer is provided. The printer comprises a pre-print image scanner, a post-print image scanner, and a printhead disposed between the pre-print image scanner and the post-print image scanner. The method comprises generating a pre-printing image of a print media, generating the printed document, generating a post-printing image of the printed document, generating a validation image by comparing the post-printing image with the pre-printing image, and comparing the validation image with the source image.

A first surface of a first sheet has a second image formed in advance. An image forming system generates reference data based on a result of reading an image on the first surface of the first sheet on which a first image is not formed, generates first image data that represents a result of reading an image on the first surface of the first sheet having the first image formed on the first surface, and determines, based on the reference data and the first image data, a relative position between the first image and the second image on the first surface of the first sheet.

A method for evaluating a print quality of a printed document that is printed by a printer is provided. The printer comprises a pre-print image scanner, a post-print image scanner, and a printhead disposed between the pre-print image scanner and the post-print image scanner. The method comprises generating a pre-printing image of a print media, generating the printed document, generating a post-printing image of the printed document, generating a validation image by comparing the post-printing image with the pre-printing image, and comparing the validation image with the source image.

An information processing apparatus includes circuitry. The circuitry, as a component displayed on a screen by an application that processes tabular data, receives a print instruction for an element included in the tabular data to be printed. The circuitry generates print data corresponding to the element in response to the print instruction. The circuitry transmits the print data generated to a printing apparatus.

An image forming apparatus includes a memory, and a processor configured to: read a first image of a sheet in a state in which the sheet is held on a sheet holding unit, the sheet being a sheet on which an image has been formed; detect a symbol from the first image of the sheet which has been read, the symbol indicating an orientation of the first image; and, when the orientation of the first image indicated by the detected symbol is different from an orientation of a second image that is to be formed on the sheet, perform a correction process of matching the orientation of the first image with the orientation of the second image that is to be formed on the sheet, the orientation of the first image being indicated by the detected symbol.

A method for decorating a substrate by providing the substrate, detecting a first design covering a first area of the substrate and/or detecting the positioning of the first design with respect to the substrate, providing a second design which is a function of the first design and/or of the positioning of the first design with respect to the substrate, and printing the second design covering a second area of the substrate.

An overprinting inspection apparatus includes a processor configured to detect failure in overprinting by comparing succeeding print data and a succeeding image detected from a post-overprinting medium obtained by the overprinting. The overprinting is printing of the succeeding image based on the succeeding print data over a pre-overprinting medium on which a preceding image has been printed based on preceding print data.

A method for evaluating a print quality of a printed document that is printed by a printer is provided. The printer comprises a pre-print image scanner, a post-print image scanner, and a printhead disposed between the pre-print image scanner and the post-print image scanner. The method comprises generating a pre-printing image of a print media, generating the printed document, generating a post-printing image of the printed document, generating a validation image by comparing the post-printing image with the pre-printing image, and comparing the validation image with the source image.