Various aspects of the disclosure generally relate to security for a credit card processing reader. Part of security for a reader is protecting sensitive components, for example components that access information from a credit card during a transaction. An alternative security configuration may include integrated circuits replacing portions of electrically active mesh. This may reduce the size and cost of a reader while maintaining its security with respect to published guidelines.

Provided is a contactless electronic system configured for contactless communications with a reader over an electromagnetic field and comprising a power supply, a current monitor, a processing system comprising a hardware processor configured for performing operations, a dynamic extra current loader and a clock generator. The current monitor is configured for determining maximal current Imax that can be provided by the power supply to the processing system from the electromagnetic field, and is configured for comparing, during an execution phase of said hardware processor, said determined maximal current Imax and a current drawn by the processing system.

An RFID device includes a case, an antenna, and a power receiving coil. The case includes a rotation mechanism. The antenna is provided in the case. The power receiving coil is provided in the case away from the antenna in an axial direction of the rotation mechanism. The power receiving coil is connected to a power receiving unit that charges a battery. The power receiving coil has a cylindrical shape.

A mobile device includes a smartcard controller that does not rely on power received from an interrogating RF field. The mobile device also includes a small inductive device capable of inductive coupling with an RFID reader. The smartcard controller includes circuitry to modulate an impedance of a port coupled to the inductive element when in the presence of an interrogating RF field at substantially 13.56 MHz.

A smart card with improved power stability is provided. The smart card comprises a rectification signal line through which a rectification signal extracted from a radio frequency (RF) signal is provided; a regulator configured to regulate a voltage of the rectification signal line to a first voltage; a power circuit configured to extract a power component from the rectification signal using an output of the regulator; a logic circuit configured to receive the power component and generate a reception enable signal on the basis of the power component; a demodulator which is enabled by the reception enable signal provided from the logic circuit and configured to extract a signal component from the rectification signal; a capacitor controller which is enabled by the reception enable signal provided from the logic circuit and configured to generate a capacitor enable signal; and a capacitor circuit which is connected to the rectification signal line and has capacitance changed according to the capacitor enable signal.

An internal voltage generator of a smart card and a smart card including the same. The internal voltage generator may include: a mode detector that generates a mode signal indicating a contact mode or a contactless mode; a low-drop out (LDO) regulator including an error amplifier, where the LDO regulator is responsive to the mode signal to: in the contact mode, drive the error amplifier with a second driving voltage to generate an error voltage, and regulate the second driving voltage based on the error voltage to generate a first output voltage, and in the contactless mode, drive the error amplifier with the first driving voltage to generate the error voltage, and regulate the second driving voltage based on the error voltage to generate the first output voltage.

An IC card communicates with a reader/writer, which is induction-type read/write communication equipment, in a contactless manner. A power supply control circuit detects presence or absence of power reception in accordance with an output voltage of a power receiving circuit, detects presence or absence of predetermined communication by using an electronic functional circuit, starts to charge an electrical energy storage device by using a charging circuit when there is not the predetermined communication immediately after power reception is detected, and supplies power from a voltage conversion circuit to the electronic functional circuit without starting to charge the electrical energy storage device by using the charging circuit when there is the predetermined communication immediately after power reception is detected.

An apparatus comprising: an inductive coupler for coupling inductively with a radio frequency, RF, H-field to provide an alternating RF voltage; a near field, RF, communicator connected to the inductive coupler for performing near field RF communication; an auxiliary circuit connected to the inductive coupler by a rectifier for obtaining DC electrical energy from the alternating RF voltage wherein the auxiliary circuit is arranged to communicate data with the near field RF communicator; wherein the rectifier comprises: a first rectifier input and a second rectifier input for receiving the alternating RF voltage, a first rectifier output and a second rectifier output for providing the DC electrical energy to the auxiliary circuit; a rectifying element connected between the first rectifier input and the second rectifier input wherein the first rectifier output is coupled to an output of the rectifying element and to the first rectifier input by a first inductor.

A wireless tag for sensor control is connected to a sensor and configured to control execution of measurements using the sensor. The wireless tag for sensor control includes: an antenna for receiving a radio wave or a magnetic field transmitted from an external wireless device; a power generation unit configured to generate electric power based on the radio wave or the magnetic field received by the antenna; and a control unit configured to control the sensor using generated power, which is the electric power supplied from the power generation unit, wherein the control unit includes: a power supply control unit configured to use a portion of the generated power to execute power supply to the sensor; an acquisition unit configured to receive a detection result from the sensor operated by the execution of the power supply; and a transmission processing unit configured to transmit communication information including the detection result to the outside.

Embodiments are directed to rectifiers using a single bias current or bias current path to bias multiple rectifying elements. A rectifier that has multiple rectifier stages coupled together serially includes a bias current path coupled to each of the rectifier stages. The bias current path is configured to simultaneously bias rectifying elements in each of the rectifier stages by using a bias current to bias a first rectifying element and reusing the bias current to bias other rectifying elements.