Unique Physical Unclonable (PUF) function objects may be created by molding or extruding specialized particles creating a measurable physical characteristic over a surface. The magnetized particles form a unique measurable magnetic “fingerprint” based on the random size, position, polar rotation, magnetization level, particle density, etc., of the particles. PUF objects may also vary in other physical characteristics by having a mixture of magnetic, conductive (magnetic or nonmagnetic), optically reflective or shaped, varied densities or mechanical properties resulting in random reflection, diffusion, or absorption of acoustical energy particles in a matrix or binder. The present invention envisions sensing any of the characteristics.

An electronic device may be attached to an external item. The electronic device may include an optical identification sensor configured to sense a color-encoded tag in the external item when the item is attached to the device. The optical identification sensor may include a board layer, a protective filter layer, wall structures for supporting the protective filter layer on the board layer, a linear array of photodetectors disposed between the board layer and the protective filter layer, a field-of-view restriction filter interposed between the photodetectors and the protective filter layer, and a light source having multiple emitters for illuminating the color-encoded tag. The emitters may be activated sequentially to produce multiple images that are combined to reconstruct an accurate reading of the color-encoded tag, which can then be used to identify the type of external item currently attached to the electronic device.

In one embodiment, a self-describing fiducial includes a communication element that optically communicates navigation-aiding information. The navigation-aiding information may include a position of the self-describing fiducial with respect to one or more coordinate systems and the communication element communicates the navigation-aiding information to one or more navigating objects in the vicinity of the self-describing fiducial.

A bar code reader device (10) having a bar code reader apparatus (12) with: a) a light emitter system (14); b) a light recovery system (28) capable of recovering light reflected from a working viewing zone through a reflected light conditioning system (30); and c) a photoelectric sensor. The device (10) includes an auxiliary optical system (36) that is arranged permanently in the working viewing zone at a distance from the sensor (26) and in series with the reflected light conditioning system (30) in such a manner that a fraction, but not all, of the working viewing zone is intercepted by the auxiliary optical system (36).

A process for automating control of an industrial vehicle based on location comprises scanning an environment in a travel direction of the industrial vehicle, by using an optical scanner affixed to the industrial vehicle. A marker defined by a series of tags is identified by recursively receiving a reflection of the optical scanner; determining if the reflection is indicative of an optical tag; and concatenating the indication of an optical tag to the marker. Once the marker is identified, the marker is transformed into an environmental condition and a status of the vehicle is determined, where the status correlates to the environmental condition. Further, an automated control is applied on the industrial vehicle based on the environmental condition and the status of the industrial vehicle.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of deriving information from an optically readable security element, the method comprising: optically reading the optically readable security element, the optically readable security element comprising one or more optically readable structures, optically readable in response to excitation of the one or more optically readable structures, the one or more optically readable structures being arranged to interact with one or more proximal structures of the optically readable security element, the interaction being such that an excitation-emission relationship for the one or more optically readable structures interacting with the one or more proximal structures, is different to an excitation-emission relationship for the one or more optically readable structures and the one or more proximal structures in isolation; the reading comprising: determining data indicative of an optical property of the optically readable security element using first emission electromagnetic radiation, emitted in response to first excitation of the one or more optically readable structures; and deriving the information from the determined data.

Disclosed are an optical communication device and a method for transmitting and receiving information. The optical communication device includes at least two light sources including a first light source and a second light source, and a controller configured to drive the first light source and the second light source in one or more driving modes. The first light source and the second light source are driven in a same driving mode for transmitting first information, and the first light source and the second light source are driven in different driving modes including a first driving mode and a second driving mode which have the same or different frequencies for transmitting other information different from the first information.

A barcode reader, an imaging engine, and an optical assembly and method for assembling such to maintain stability through physical shock and to control decentration are disclosed herein. An example optical assembly includes an actuator, adjustable lens group, and rear lens group. The actuator includes an inner carriage, wherein one or more inner walls of the inner carriage are at least partially threaded. The adjustable lens group includes a first lens element, wherein the first lens element is threaded and held in place by the at least partially threaded one or more inner walls of the inner carriage, and a second lens element, wherein the second lens element is coupled to the first lens element, and further wherein the second lens element is fixedly co-located to the first lens element. The front lens group is actively aligned to the rear lens group, which includes one or more fixed optical elements.

An electronic device may be attached to an external item. The electronic device may include an optical identification sensor configured to sense a color-encoded tag in the external item when the item is attached to the device. The optical identification sensor may include a board layer, a protective filter layer, wall structures for supporting the protective filter layer on the board layer, a linear array of photodetectors disposed between the board layer and the protective filter layer, a field-of-view restriction filter interposed between the photodetectors and the protective filter layer, and a light source having multiple emitters for illuminating the color-encoded tag. The emitters may be activated sequentially to produce multiple images that are combined to reconstruct an accurate reading of the color-encoded tag, which can then be used to identify the type of external item currently attached to the electronic device.

A process for automating control of an industrial vehicle based on location comprises scanning an environment, by using an optical scanner affixed to the industrial vehicle. A marker defined by a series of tags is identified by recursively receiving a reflection of the optical scanner; determining if the reflection is indicative of an optical tag; and concatenating the indication of an optical tag to the marker. Once the marker is identified, the marker is transformed into an environmental condition and a status of the vehicle is determined, where the status correlates to the environmental condition. Further, an automated control is applied on the industrial vehicle based on the environmental condition and the status of the industrial vehicle.