An image forensics system estimates a camera response function (CRF) associated with a digital image, and compares the estimated CRF to a set of rules and compares the estimated CRF to a known CRF. The known CRF is associated with a make and a model of an image sensing device. The system applies a fusion analysis to results obtained from comparing the estimated CRF to a set of rules and from comparing the estimated CRF to the known CRF, and assesses the integrity of the digital image as a function of the fusion analysis.

Methods and systems for identifying altered content are described herein. The system generates a fingerprint for an unverified content item and locates a plurality of content items that match the fingerprint. The system then compares corresponding frames between the unverified content item and each content item of the plurality of content items. The system identifies, based on the comparing, an altered frame in the unverified content item that does not match a corresponding frame in two or more of the plurality of content items. The system also determines that one or more frames of the unverified content item that follow the altered frame match corresponding frames in the two or more of the plurality of content items. The system then generates for display an indication that the unverified content item contains one or more altered frames.

A method for verifying an image can include: acquiring a first feature point set of a source image and a second feature point set of a target image; determining a target local feature point pair based on the first feature point set and the second feature point set; determining a mapped point of the first feature point on the target image; determining a distance between a second feature point and the mapped point; acquiring a quantity of reference local feature point pairs; and determining that the target image is an image acquired by copying the source image based on the quantity being greater than a target quantity.

An area where development processing is irregular in imaging data are detected as an irregularity area. At least two areas having approximate feature amounts in the imaging data are detected as approximate areas. An altered region in the imaging data is specified from the approximate areas based on the irregularity area and the approximate areas.

A content analyzer determines whether various types of modification have been made to images. The content analyzer computes JPEG ghosts from the images that are concatenated with the image channels to generate a feature vector. The feature vector is provided as input to a neural network that determines whether the types of modification have been made to the image. The neural network may include a constrained convolution layer and several unconstrained convolution layers. An image fake model may also be applied to determine whether the image was generated using a computer model or algorithm.

Methods and systems for identifying altered content are described herein. The system generates a fingerprint for an unverified content item and locates a plurality of content items that match the fingerprint. The system then compares corresponding frames between the unverified content item and each content item of the plurality of content items. The system identifies, based on the comparing, an altered frame in the unverified content item that does not match a corresponding frame in two or more of the plurality of content items. The system also determines that one or more frames of the unverified content item that follow the altered frame match corresponding frames in the two or more of the plurality of content items. The system then generates for display an indication that the unverified content item contains one or more altered frames.

A processing apparatus is configured to process image data from an image pickup apparatus that includes a first imaging unit and a second imaging unit. The processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire information on first image data acquired by the first imaging unit, and a processing unit configured to process second image data acquired by the second imaging unit so that the information on the first image data is collateral with the second image data.

A processing apparatus is configured to process image data from an image pickup apparatus that includes a first imaging unit and a second imaging unit. The processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire information on first image data acquired by the first imaging unit, and a processing unit configured to process second image data acquired by the second imaging unit so that the information on the first image data is collateral with the second image data.

Methods and systems for identifying altered content are described herein. The system generates a fingerprint for an unverified content item and locates a plurality of content items that match the fingerprint. The system then compares corresponding frames between the unverified content item and each content item of the plurality of content items. The system identifies, based on the comparing, an altered frame in the unverified content item that does not match a corresponding frame in two or more of the plurality of content items. The system also determines that one or more frames of the unverified content item that follow the altered frame match corresponding frames in the two or more of the plurality of content items. The system then generates for display an indication that the unverified content item contains one or more altered frames.

A user can wear a device which emits a visual and/or audible output. The output changes over time. A system is capable of predicting the output. Thus, the system can analyze a video and determine, based on observed output of the device, whether the video has been modified. The output can be particularly difficult for humans to modify, detect, understand, or recreate, further impeding attempts to disguise edits to the video.