A method for generating a highly distinctive signature of a certain diamond, the method may include generating, based on one or more images of the certain diamond, a certain diamond signature of the certain diamond; finding, out of a group of reference diamonds, other diamonds having other diamond signatures; wherein the finding comprises calculating similarities between the certain diamond signature and reference diamond signatures of the reference diamonds of the group; and generating a new certain diamond signature that significantly differs from signatures of the other diamonds.

A method for semantic annotation of sensor data may include obtaining sensor data representing an image of a geographic area. The boundary points defining a first polygon in the image of the geographic area may be determined based on the sensor data. An overlap between the first polygon and a second polygon in the image of the geographic area may be detected based at least on the boundary points defining the first polygon. At least one of the first polygon or the second polygon may be modified to remove the overlap between the first polygon and the second polygon. An annotation corresponding to the first polygon may be generated based on the modifying of at least one of the first polygon or the second polygon. The annotation may identify a physical feature within the geographic area. Related systems and computer program products are also provided.

There are provided a method for segmenting a sign language video by gloss to recognize a sign language sentence, and a method for training. According to an embodiment, a sign language video segmentation method receives an input of a sign language sentence video, and segments the inputted sign language sentence video by gloss. Accordingly, there is suggested a method for segmenting a sign language sentence video by gloss, analyzing various gloss sequences from the linguistic perspective, understanding meanings robustly in spite of various changes in sentences, and translating sign language into appropriate Korean sentences.

Apparatus for diagnosing breast cancer, the apparatus comprising a controller having a set of instructions executable to: acquire a contrast enhanced region of interest (CE-ROI) in an X-ray image of a patient's breast, the X-ray image comprising X-ray pixels that indicate intensity of X-rays that passed through the breast to generate the image; determine a texture neighborhood for each of a plurality of X-ray pixels in the CE-ROI, the texture neighborhood for a given X-ray pixel of the plurality of X-ray pixels extending to a bounding pixel radius of BPR pixels from the given pixel; generate a texture feature vector (TF) having components based on the indications of intensity provided by a plurality of X-ray pixels in the CE-ROI that are located within the texture neighborhood; and use a classifier to classify the texture feature vector TF to determine whether the CE-ROI is malignant.

A method is provided for training a machine-learning algorithm which relies on primary data captured by at least one primary sensor. Labels are identified based on auxiliary data provided by at least one auxiliary sensor. A care attribute or a no-care attribute is assigned to each label by determining a perception capability of the primary sensor for the label based on the primary data and based on the auxiliary data. Model predictions for the labels are generated via the machine-learning algorithm. A loss function is defined for the model predictions. Negative contributions to the loss function are permitted for all labels. Positive contributions to the loss function are permitted for labels having a care attribute, while positive contributions to the loss function for labels having a no-care attribute are permitted only if a confidence of the model prediction for the respective label is greater than a threshold.

An approach is provided for detecting and coding a grade-separated road intersection based on image data. The approach involves, for example, retrieving an image depicting a road intersection from a top-down perspective. The road intersection comprises two or more road links. The approach also involves processing the image to determine continuity data of the two or more road links. The continuity data represents a visual continuity of respective depictions of the two or more road links in the image. The approach further involves determining a stacking order of the two or more road links based on the continuity data. The approach further involves providing the stacking order as an output.

Computer vision systems and methods for determining structure features from point cloud data using neural networks are provided. The system obtains point cloud data of a structure or a property parcel having a structure present therein from a database. The system can preprocess the obtained point cloud data to generate another point cloud or 3D representation derived from the point cloud data by spatial cropping and/or transformation, down sampling, up sampling, and filtering. The system can also preprocess point features to generate and/or obtain any new features thereof. Then, the system extracts a structure and/or feature of the structure from the point cloud data utilizing one or more neural networks. The system determines at least one attribute of the extracted structure and/or feature of the structure utilizing the one or more neural networks.

Automation of microscopic pathological diagnosis relies on digital image quality, which, in turn, affects the rates of false positive and negative cellular objects designated as abnormalities. Cytogenetic biodosimetry is a genotoxic assay that detects dicentric chromosomes (DCs) arising from exposure to ionizing radiation. The frequency of DCs is related to radiation dose received, so the inferred radiation dose depends on the accuracy of DC detection. To improve this accuracy, image segmentation methods are used to rank high quality cytogenetic images and eliminate suboptimal metaphase cell data in a sample based on novel quality measures. When sufficient numbers of high quality images are found, the microscope system is directed to terminate metaphase image collection for a sample. The International Atomic Energy Agency recommends at least 500 images be used to estimate radiation dose, however often many more images are collected in order to select the metaphase cells with good morphology for analysis. Improvements in DC recognition increase the accuracy of dose estimates, by reducing false positive (FP) DC detection. A set of chromosome morphology segmentation methods selectively filtered out false DCs, arising primarily from extended prometaphase chromosomes, sister chromatid separation and chromosome fragmentation. This reduced FPs by 55% and was highly specific to the abnormal structures (≥97.7%). Additional procedures were then developed to fully automate image review, resulting in 6 image-level filters that, when combined, selectively remove images with consistently unparsable or incorrectly segmented chromosome morphologies. Overall, these filters can eliminate half of the FPs detected by manual image review. Optimal image selection and FP DCs are minimized by combining multiple feature based segmentation filters and a novel image sorting procedure based on the known distribution of chromosome lengths. Consequently, the average dose estimation error was reduced from 0.4 Gy to <0.2 Gy with minimal manual review required. Automated image selection with these filters reduces the number of images that are required to capture metaphase cells, thus decreasing the number of images and time required for each sample. A microscope system integrates image selection procedures controls with an automated digitally controlled microscope then determines at what point a sufficient number of metaphase cell images have been acquired to accurately determine radiation dose, which then terminates data collection by the microscope. These image filtering approaches constitute a reliable and scalable solution that results in more accurate and rapid radiation dose es

A method of processing a given region of interest (ROI) of an X-ray image of a person's breast to determine presence of a malignancy, the X-ray image having X-ray pixels that indicate intensity of X-rays that passed through the breast to generate the image, the method comprising: for each given X-ray pixel in the given ROI and each of a selection of J(r) X-ray pixels at respective pixel radii PR(r), 1≤r≤R, from the given x-ray pixel, determining a binary number that provides a measure X-ray intensity indicated by the selected X-ray pixel relative to X-ray intensity indicated by the given X-ray pixel; using the determined binary numbers for the selected X-ray pixels at each pixel radius PR(r) to determine a decimal number for the pixel radius PR(r); histogramming the frequency of occurrence of values of the determined decimal numbers as a function of pixel radius for the given X-ray pixels in the given ROI; determining a texture feature vector, for the given ROI having components that are equal to the frequencies of occurrence for a selection of M histogrammed values; and processing the histogrammed frequencies of occurrence for the M values to determine whether the given ROI is malignant.

A vehicle communication and control system includes a first vehicle in signal communication with a remote computing system and/or a second vehicle. The first vehicle includes a sensor configured to capture a raw image having a first image volume and including at least one target object. An image encoder included in the vehicle converts the raw image into a masked image having a second image volume that is less than the first image volume. A segmentation unit included in the remote computing system and/or the second vehicle determines the at least one target object from the masked image, generates a masked segmented image including a sparse segmentation of the at least one target object, and converts the sparse segmentation of the at least one target object into at least one recovered segmented target object indicative of the at least one target object.