A playback device (measurement device) in a record playback system including a record player and the playback device measures a frequency characteristic of each of a plurality of input signals which are input from the record player to the playback device when a plurality of test signals for measuring a characteristic of the record playback system are played back by the record player, the plurality of test signals being recorded on a phonograph record, the plurality of input signals corresponding to the plurality of test signals recorded; calculates a measurement error between the frequency characteristic of each of the plurality of input signals measured and a predetermined frequency characteristic; selects a frequency characteristic of which the measurement error is smallest from among the frequency characteristics of the plurality of input signals, as a measurement result of the record playback system; and outputs the measurement result selected.