A memory device including at least one channel and a fluid including particles is provided. In one aspect, the channel includes a least some of the fluid. The memory device may further include an actuator configured to induce a movement of the particles in the channel; and a writing element configured to arrange the particles in a sequence, thereby yielding a sequence of particles in the channel. The particles may include first particles and second particles. The particles may be in a first state or a second state in the channel. In certain aspects, the channel is configured to preserve the sequence of the particles. The memory device may further include a reading element for detecting the sequence of the particles in the channel.

A memory device including at least one channel and a fluid including particles is provided. In one aspect, the channel includes a least some of the fluid. The memory device may further include an actuator configured to induce a movement of the particles in the channel; and a writing element configured to arrange the particles in a sequence, thereby yielding a sequence of particles in the channel. The particles may include first particles and second particles. The particles may be in a first state or a second state in the channel. In certain aspects, the channel is configured to preserve the sequence of the particles. The memory device may further include a reading element for detecting the sequence of the particles in the channel.

Methods, system and devices for the production of audio records are provided. A record format is selected, and this selection is used to modify a set of digital audio files. A music production interface may be provided to receive the selection. A set of manufacturing instructions are generated, which are derived from the modified set of digital audio files. The set of manufacturing instructions are used to convert a record blank into a playable audio record.

An optical identification record system is provided that combines physical record with digital music. The optical identification record system includes a record and a record player. The surface of the record is printed with optical identification codes. The record player includes a turntable, a first motor, a tone arm, a processor, a memory, and a second motor. The turntable of the record player is used to rotate the record. The tone arm includes a cartridge that reads the optical identification codes on the surface of the record to decode a corresponding audio file for playing.

A digital content reproduction control signal for controlling a reproduction of digital content includes: a first control signal (SG1) having a time code signal recorded therein and having a predetermined frequency; and a second control signal (SG2) having a 2n-fold frequency of the frequency of the first control signal, n representing a natural number, in which the first control signal (SG1) and the second control signal (SG2) are combined such that zero-cross points of a waveform of the first control signal (SG1) are aligned with zero-cross points of a waveform of the second control signal (SG2) on a time axis.

A digital content reproduction control signal for controlling a reproduction of digital content includes: a first control signal (SG1) having a time code signal recorded therein and having a predetermined frequency; and a second control signal (SG2) having a 2n-fold frequency of the frequency of the first control signal, n representing a natural number, in which the first control signal (SG1) and the second control signal (SG2) are combined such that zero-cross points of a waveform of the first control signal (SG1) are aligned with zero-cross points of a waveform of the second control signal (SG2) on a time axis.

Computing systems and methods for estimation and correction of audio pitch variations resulting from eccentric rotation in the playback of phonograph records are disclosed. The methods include simulation of phonograph playback to generate eccentric and non-eccentric time bases for correction. Estimation of eccentricity parameters is done by a parameter optimization through evaluation of a spectral sharpness detection function on time-spectral content of audio data. Candidate audio data are generated using phonograph simulation while conducting an optimal parameter search. The disclosed technology further provides systems and methods to correct audio using such parameters to correct the induced pitch variations from eccentric phonograph record playback in order to improve the pitch stability of audio recordings. In addition, the physical properties of groove radius and playback speed variations in phonograph playback may be estimated from the eccentric record playback.

Computing systems and methods for estimation and correction of audio pitch variations resulting from eccentric rotation in the playback of phonograph records are disclosed. The methods include simulation of phonograph playback to generate eccentric and non-eccentric time bases for correction. Estimation of eccentricity parameters is done by a parameter optimization through evaluation of a spectral sharpness detection function on time-spectral content of audio data. Candidate audio data are generated using phonograph simulation while conducting an optimal parameter search. The disclosed technology further provides systems and methods to correct audio using such parameters to correct the induced pitch variations from eccentric phonograph record playback in order to improve the pitch stability of audio recordings. In addition, the physical properties of groove radius and playback speed variations in phonograph playback may be estimated from the eccentric record playback.