Numerous embodiments of a precision programming algorithm and apparatus are disclosed for precisely and quickly depositing the correct amount of charge on the floating gate of a non-volatile memory cell within a vector-by-matrix multiplication (VMM) array in an artificial neural network. Selected cells thereby can be programmed with extreme precision to hold one of N different values.

A memristor crossbar array (MCA) circuit includes an input processor configured to receive an input signal corresponding to a predetermined number of input values and to apply the input signal to memristors arranged along input lines, an MCA including the memristors having resistance values based on at least one transformation matrix including binary element values, and an outputter configured to output a frequency component intensity of the input signal based on a signal that is output from each of output lines on which the memristors are arranged, in response to the input signal being applied to the memristors.

An apparatus comprising: a memristor; means for wirelessly receiving, from another apparatus, a time-varying signal; means for enabling, responsive to the received time-varying signal, provision of one or more pulses to the memristor to change an electrical characteristic of the memristor; means for wirelessly signalling to the other apparatus when the electrical characteristic of the memristor reaches a threshold value; and means for re-setting the electrical characteristic of the memristor.

Systems, methods, and apparatus related to spike current suppression in a memory array. In one approach, a memory device includes a memory array having a cross-point memory architecture. The memory array has access lines (e.g., word lines and/or bit lines) configured to access memory cells of the memory array. Each access line is split into left and right portions. Each portion is electrically connected to a single via, which a driver uses to generate a voltage on the access line. To reduce electrical discharge associated with current spikes, a first resistor is located between the left portion and the via, and a second resistor is located between the right portion and the via.

Provided is an electronic device including a first electrode part including a conductive material, a second electrode part spaced apart from the first electrode part and including a conductive material, an active layer disposed between the first electrode part and the second electrode part, including a spontaneously polarizable material, and formed to optionally have a first mode having a first electrical resistance and a second mode having a value smaller than the first electrical resistance, and an electric field controller connected to the first electrode part and the second electrode part to apply an electric field.

An integrated circuit which enables lower cost yet provides superior performance compared to standard silicon integrated circuits by utilizing thin film transistors (TFTs) fabricated in BEOL. Improved memory circuits are enabled by utilizing TFTs to improve density and access in a three dimensional circuit design which minimizes die area. Improved I/O is enabled by eliminating the area on the surface of the semiconductor dedicated to I/O and allowing many times the number of I/O available. Improved speed and lower power are also enabled by the shortened metal routing lines and reducing leakage.

Provided are a memory cell structure, a memory array structure, and a voltage biasing method. The memory cell structure includes: a substrate layer, a well layer and a transistor. The substrate layer is configured to support the memory cell structure; the well layer is embedded in the substrate layer, an upper surface of the well layer is flush with an upper surface of the substrate layer, and a transistor is arranged on the well layer. In the present disclosure, a deep well bias is performed on the memory cell structure, so that the well voltage of the memory cell may be individually biased to a specific voltage, and in combination with the redesigned memory cell array structure, the applied programming voltage mostly falls on the memory cell structure. This reduces the programming voltage of the memory cell, and avoids a breakdown of the selecting transistor due to an excessively large voltage, thereby ensuring a great reliability of the device and a higher efficiency within the area of the memory cell array structure.

Systems, methods and devices are disclosed for a smart compute memory circuitry that has the flexibility to perform a wide range of functions inside the memory via logic circuitry and an integrated processor. In one embodiment, the smart compute memory circuitry comprises an integrated processor and logic circuitry to enable adaptive System on a Chip (SOC) and electronics subsystem power or performance improvements, and adaptive memory management and control for the smart compute memory circuitry. A resistive memory array is coupled to the integrated processor.

Systems, methods, and apparatus related to spike current suppression in a memory array. In one approach, a memory device includes a memory array having a cross-point memory architecture. The memory array has access lines (e.g., word lines and/or bit lines) configured to access memory cells of the memory array. Each access line is split into left and right portions. Each portion is electrically connected to a single via, which a driver uses to generate a voltage on the access line. To reduce electrical discharge associated with current spikes, a first resistor is located between the left portion and the via, and a second resistor is located between the right portion and the via.

An adaptive memory management and control circuitry (AMMC) to provide extended test, performance, and power optimizing capabilities for a resistive memory is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a resistive memory comprises a resistive memory array and an Adaptive Memory Management and Control circuitry (AMMC) that is coupled to the resistive memory array. The AMMC is configured with extended test, reliability, performance and power optimizing capabilities for the resistive memory.