The present disclosure provides a transformer including at least one magnetic core each having at least one window; one primary side winding passing through the at least one window, a wire forming the primary side winding being sequentially covered with a first solid insulating layer, a grounded shielding layer and a second solid insulating layer from inside to outside along a radial direction of the wire, the grounded shielding layer being connected to a reference ground; and at least one secondary side winding, each passing through the at least one window, the primary side winding having a first voltage with respect to the reference ground, the secondary side winding having a second voltage with respect to the reference ground, and the second voltage being greater than 50 times of the first voltage.

A transformer includes a primary coil and a secondary coil. The primary coil includes: a first shield of a first coaxial cable; a second shield of a second coaxial cable; and a conductive interconnector connecting the first shield to the second shield. The secondary coil includes: a first core of the first coaxial cable; a second core of the second coaxial cable; and a pair of conductive lines connecting the first core to the second core.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for applying high voltage, sub-microsecond (e.g., nanosecond range) pulsed output to a biological material, e.g., tissues, cells, etc., using a high voltage (e.g., MOSFET) gate driver circuit having a high voltage isolation and a low inductance. In particular, described herein are multi-core pulse transformers comprising independent transformer cores arranged in parallel on opposite sides of a substrate. The transformer cores may have coaxial primary and secondary windings. Also describe are pulse generators including multi-core pulse transformers arranged in parallel (e.g., on opposite sides of a PCB) to reduce MOSFET driver gate inductance.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for applying high voltage, sub-microsecond (e.g., nanosecond range) pulsed output to a biological material, e.g., tissues, cells, etc., using a high voltage (e.g., MOSFET) gate driver circuit having a high voltage isolation and a low inductance. In particular, described herein are multi-core pulse transformers comprising independent transformer cores arranged in parallel on opposite sides of a substrate. The transformer cores may have coaxial primary and secondary windings. Also describe are pulse generators including multi-core pulse transformers arranged in parallel (e.g., on opposite sides of a PCB) to reduce MOSFET driver gate inductance.

A flexible RF coil with excellent portability is provided. The RF coil includes a first coil, a first skeleton, and a second skeleton, the first skeleton and the second skeleton being rod shaped. The first coil includes a first loop made from a conductor that receives radio frequency signals, and a first signal detector that is inserted in series into the first loop and that detects the signals received by the first loop. The first skeleton and the second skeleton are arranged with a spacing in the short axis direction, the first signal detector is mounted on the first skeleton, and a portion of the first loop that faces the first signal detector is mounted on the second skeleton. The first loop is deformable, and the spacing between the first skeleton and the second skeleton is changeable in accordance with the deformation of the first loop.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for applying high voltage, sub-microsecond (e.g., nanosecond range) pulsed output to a biological material, e.g., tissues, cells, etc., using a high voltage (e.g., MOSFET) gate driver circuit having a high voltage isolation and a low inductance. In particular, described herein are multi-core pulse transformers comprising independent transformer cores arranged in parallel on opposite sides of a substrate. The transformer cores may have coaxial primary and secondary windings. Also describe are pulse generators including multi-core pulse transformers arranged in parallel (e.g., on opposite sides of a PCB) to reduce MOSFET driver gate inductance.

An Isolating Transmission Line Transformer (ITLT) for use in a data communications system is provided, the transformer comprising: a substantially planar substrate formed of electrically insulative material having opposed first and second surfaces; a first port formed of two separate terminals provided at one part of the substrate; a second port formed of two separate terminals provided at a second part of the substrate; a first conductor connected in series to the first port and arranged as a single loop; a second conductor which is electrically isolated from the first conductor and connected in series to the second port, the second conductor being arranged as a single loop in a substantially opposite orientation to the first conductor; wherein the first and second ports and at least part of the first and second conductors are provided on the substrate surface (s); and a core arranged between the first and second ports to cover the majority of the first and second conductors.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for applying high voltage, sub-microsecond (e.g., nanosecond range) pulsed output to a biological material, e.g., tissues, cells, etc., using a high voltage (e.g., MOSFET) gate driver circuit having a high voltage isolation and a low inductance. In particular, described herein are multi-core pulse transformers comprising independent transformer cores arranged in parallel on opposite sides of a substrate. The transformer cores may have coaxial primary and secondary windings. Also describe are pulse generators including multi-core pulse transformers arranged in parallel (e.g., on opposite sides of a PCB) to reduce MOSFET driver gate inductance.

A system for suppressing radiofrequency noise includes a modem and an energy transfer device. The modem includes a coaxial radiofrequency port that is configured to connect to a first ground. The energy transfer device includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to connect to the coaxial radiofrequency port and the first ground. The second portion is configured to connect to a second ground that is isolated from the first ground. The first and second portions are configured to transfer electrical energy therebetween via electromagnetic coupling.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for applying high voltage, sub-microsecond (e.g., nanosecond range) pulsed output to a biological material, e.g., tissues, cells, etc., using a high voltage (e.g., MOSFET) gate driver circuit having a high voltage isolation and a low inductance. In particular, described herein are multi-core pulse transformers comprising independent transformer cores arranged in parallel on opposite sides of a substrate. The transformer cores may have coaxial primary and secondary windings. Also describe are pulse generators including multi-core pulse transformers arranged in parallel (e.g., on opposite sides of a PCB) to reduce MOSFET driver gate inductance.