The present application relates to a preparation method of neodymium iron boron products and the neodymium iron boron product prepared by using the same. The preparation method of neodymium iron boron products includes the following steps: Step S1: preparing blank magnet; Step S2: obtaining preprocessed sheets; Step S3: surface treating; Step S4: heavy rare earth coating; Step S5: stacking: stacking a plurality of preprocessed sheets to give stacked magnets; and Step S6: grain boundary diffusion: successively subjecting the stacked magnets to a primary heat treatment for 2-40 min, a secondary heat treatment at 700-1000° C. for 4-40 h, and then tempering at 450-700° C., in which the primary heat treatment is induction heat treatment or electric spark sintering.

An inductor apparatus includes: a substrate including an electrical insulation property and a non-magnetic material; and a plurality of inductors disposed in the substrate so as to extend from a first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate, each of the plurality of inductors including: an inductor conductive part that has an electrical conductivity and extends in a thickness direction of the substrate; and a magnetic layer that covers a side of the inductor conductive part and include a relative permeability and a soft magnetic material.

An inductor apparatus includes: a substrate including an electrical insulation property and a non-magnetic material; and a plurality of inductors disposed in the substrate so as to extend from a first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate, each of the plurality of inductors including: an inductor conductive part that has an electrical conductivity and extends in a thickness direction of the substrate; and a magnetic layer that covers a side of the inductor conductive part and include a relative permeability and a soft magnetic material.

The disclosure describes multilayer hard magnetic materials including at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16(N.sub.xZ.sub.1-x).sub.2 or a mixture of α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and α″-Fe.sub.16Z.sub.2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O, and x is a number greater than zero and less than one. The disclosure also describes techniques for forming multilayer hard magnetic materials including at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16(N.sub.xZ.sub.1-x).sub.2 or a mixture of α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and α″-Fe.sub.16Z.sub.2 using chemical vapor deposition or liquid phase epitaxy.

The disclosure describes multilayer hard magnetic materials including at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16(N.sub.xZ.sub.1-x).sub.2 or a mixture of α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and α″-Fe.sub.16Z.sub.2, where Z includes at least one of C, B, or O, and x is a number greater than zero and less than one. The disclosure also describes techniques for forming multilayer hard magnetic materials including at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and at least one layer including α″-Fe.sub.16(N.sub.xZ.sub.1-x).sub.2 or a mixture of α″-Fe.sub.16N.sub.2 and α″-Fe.sub.16Z.sub.2 using chemical vapor deposition or liquid phase epitaxy.

A sintered R.sub.2M.sub.17 magnet is provided that comprises at least 70 Vol % of a Sm.sub.2M.sub.17 phase, wherein R is at least one of the group consisting of Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yt, Lu and Y, and M comprises Co, Fe, Cu and Zr. In an area of the R.sub.2M.sub.17 sintered magnet of 200 by 200 μm viewed in a Kerr micrograph, an areal proportion of demagnetised regions after application of an internal opposing field of 1200 kA/m is less than 5% or less than 2%.

A sintered R.sub.2M.sub.17 magnet is provided that comprises at least 70 Vol % of a Sm.sub.2M.sub.17 phase, wherein R is at least one of the group consisting of Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yt, Lu and Y, and M comprises Co, Fe, Cu and Zr. In an area of the R.sub.2M.sub.17 sintered magnet of 200 by 200 μm viewed in a Kerr micrograph, an areal proportion of demagnetised regions after application of an internal opposing field of 1200 kA/m is less than 5% or less than 2%.

In the systems and methods for synthesizing a thin film with desired properties (e.g. magnetic, conductivity, photocatalyst, etc.), a metal oxide film may be deposited on a substrate. The metal oxide film may be achieved utilizing any suitable method. A reducing agent may be deposited before, after or both before and after the metal oxide layer. Oxygen may be removed or liberated from the deposited metal oxide film by low temperature local or global annealing. As a result of the annealing to remove oxygen, one or more portions of the metal oxide may be transformed into materials with desired properties. As a nonlimiting example, a metal oxide film may be treated to provide a magnetic multilayer film that is suitable for bit patterned media.

In the systems and methods for synthesizing a thin film with desired properties (e.g. magnetic, conductivity, photocatalyst, etc.), a metal oxide film may be deposited on a substrate. The metal oxide film may be achieved utilizing any suitable method. A reducing agent may be deposited before, after or both before and after the metal oxide layer. Oxygen may be removed or liberated from the deposited metal oxide film by low temperature local or global annealing. As a result of the annealing to remove oxygen, one or more portions of the metal oxide may be transformed into materials with desired properties. As a nonlimiting example, a metal oxide film may be treated to provide a magnetic multilayer film that is suitable for bit patterned media.

A temperature measuring device, a process for manufacturing the device, and a system for measuring an impact point incorporating the device. According to one aspect, a temperature measuring device includes a thin film sheet made of magneto-metallic material such that, in use and the presence of an applied magnetic field, a change of temperature in one region of the sheet generates an electric voltage in the region, the generated electric voltage being readable through means for reading electric voltage corresponding to the region. According to another aspect, there is a process for manufacturing the device. According to yet another aspect, there is a system for measuring an impact point, of radiation or particles, incorporating the device.