An electronic device may include a semiconductor memory, and the semiconductor memory may include a substrate; a variable resistance element formed over the substrate and exhibiting different resistance values representing different digital information, the variable resistance element including a free layer having a variable magnetization direction, a pinned layer having a fixed magnetization direction and a tunnel barrier layer interposed between the free layer and the pinned layer; and a blocking layer disposed on at least sidewalls of the variable resistance element, wherein the blocking layer may include a layer that is substantially free of nitrogen, oxygen or a combination thereof.

An electronic device may include a semiconductor memory, and the semiconductor memory may include a substrate; a variable resistance element formed over the substrate and exhibiting different resistance values representing different digital information, the variable resistance element including a free layer having a variable magnetization direction, a pinned layer having a fixed magnetization direction and a tunnel barrier layer interposed between the free layer and the pinned layer; and a blocking layer disposed on at least sidewalls of the variable resistance element, wherein the blocking layer may include a layer that is substantially free of nitrogen, oxygen or a combination thereof.

A deposition method includes depositing an adhesive layer on a workpiece to be processed and depositing a magnetic/isolated unit, where the magnetic/isolation unit includes at least one pair of a magnetic film layer and an isolation layer that are alternately disposed. The deposition method of the magnetic thin film laminated structure, the magnetic thin film laminated structure and the micro-inductive device provided by the disclosure can increase a total thickness of the magnetic thin film laminated structure, thereby broadening the application frequency range of the inductive device fabricated thereby.

A deposition method includes depositing an adhesive layer on a workpiece to be processed and depositing a magnetic/isolated unit, where the magnetic/isolation unit includes at least one pair of a magnetic film layer and an isolation layer that are alternately disposed. The deposition method of the magnetic thin film laminated structure, the magnetic thin film laminated structure and the micro-inductive device provided by the disclosure can increase a total thickness of the magnetic thin film laminated structure, thereby broadening the application frequency range of the inductive device fabricated thereby.

A layered structure which achieves both high spin polarization and low electrical resistance is provided. The layered structure includes a Heusler alloy, and graphene that is in direct contact with the surface of the Heusler alloy. Such a layered structure is fabricated by forming a thin film of the Heusler alloy over a substrate under vacuum, and growing graphene on the surface of the thin film of the Heusler alloy while maintaining the vacuum.

The present disclosure relates to integrated circuits, and more particularly, a tunnel magneto-resistive (TMR) sensor with perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction (p-MTJ) structures and methods of manufacture and operation. The structure includes: a first magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) structure on a first level; a second MTJ structure on a same wiring level as the first MTJ structure; and at least one metal line between the first MTJ structure and the second MTJ structure.

The present disclosure relates to integrated circuits, and more particularly, a tunnel magneto-resistive (TMR) sensor with perpendicular magnetic tunneling junction (p-MTJ) structures and methods of manufacture and operation. The structure includes: a first magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) structure on a first level; a second MTJ structure on a same wiring level as the first MTJ structure; and at least one metal line between the first MTJ structure and the second MTJ structure.

A method for tuning the frequency of THz radiation is provided. The method utilizes an apparatus comprising a spin injector, a tunnel junction coupled to the spin injector, and a ferromagnetic material coupled to the tunnel junction. The ferromagnetic material comprises a Magnon Gain Medium (MGM). The method comprises the step of applying a bias voltage to shift a Fermi level of the spin injector with respect to the Fermi level of the ferromagnetic material to initiate generation of non-equilibrium magnons by injecting minority electrons into the Magnon Gain Medium. The method further comprises the step of tuning a frequency of the generated THz radiation by changing the value of the bias voltage.

A method for tuning the frequency of THz radiation is provided. The method utilizes an apparatus comprising a spin injector, a tunnel junction coupled to the spin injector, and a ferromagnetic material coupled to the tunnel junction. The ferromagnetic material comprises a Magnon Gain Medium (MGM). The method comprises the step of applying a bias voltage to shift a Fermi level of the spin injector with respect to the Fermi level of the ferromagnetic material to initiate generation of non-equilibrium magnons by injecting minority electrons into the Magnon Gain Medium. The method further comprises the step of tuning a frequency of the generated THz radiation by changing the value of the bias voltage.

Provided are a roll-shaped magnetic field shielding sheet, a method of manufacturing a magnetic field shielding sheet, and an antenna module using the same, which can improve the efficiency of the overall production process by improving a heat treatment process for a thin film magnetic sheet. The magnetic field shielding sheet includes: at least one thin film magnetic sheet; an insulating layer or insulating layers formed on one or either side of the at least one thin film magnetic sheet; and an adhesive layer formed between the insulating layers of the adjacent thin film magnetic sheets to laminate and bond the thin film magnetic sheets, wherein the thin film magnetic sheet is flake-treated to be divided into a plurality of magnetic substance fragments.