A multi-junction photovoltaic device comprising a layer of metal oxynitride between a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell is disclosed, the first sub-cell having a layer comprising a perovskite light absorber material. In addition, a method of manufacturing said multi junction photovoltaic device is disclosed. The metal oxynitride is preferably titanium oxynitride. Advantageously, the device may be produced in a simple, fast, consistent and inexpensive manner, whilst the properties of the titanium oxynitride layer may be tuned to avoid the occurrence of local shunt paths and to reduce reflection losses.

A solid electrolytic capacitor comprises a capacitor element, an anode terminal and a cathode terminal. The capacitor element comprises an anode body, a dielectric layer, a solid electrolytic layer, a conductive layer and an anode lead wire. The anode lead wire is partially embedded in the anode body and extends in a horizontal direction from the anode body. The anode lead wire has a thicker portion and a thinner portion. The thinner portion is positioned closer to the anode body than the thicker portion is in the horizontal direction. The anode terminal at least has a first end, a second end and an overlapping portion. The anode terminal is connected to the anode lead wire under a state where the first end of the anode terminal is positioned on the thinner portion while the overlapping portion of the anode terminal overlaps with the thicker portion.

A method of manufacturing a winding capacitor package structure is provided. The method of manufacturing the winding capacitor package structure includes: forming a base layer on an inner bottom surface of a casing structure; placing a winding assembly and a part of a conductive assembly inside an accommodating space of the casing structure; sequentially forming a plurality of filling layers between the winding assembly and the casing structure; and then placing a bottom carrier frame on a bottom portion of the casing structure so as to match with the casing structure. The casing structure includes a rough inner surface, and the base layer and the filling layer are limited inside the casing structure through a friction provided by the rough inner surface of the casing structure.

A tantalum capacitor includes a tantalum body comprising a tantalum sintered body containing tantalum powder, a conductive polymer layer disposed on the tantalum sintered body and including a first filler as a non-conductive particle, and a tantalum wire. The first filler includes a core including at least one metal oxide among BaTiO.sub.3, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2, and a coating film disposed on a surface of the core.

The process comprises treating 90-190 g titanium (IV) chloride in 10-100 ml de-ionized water for preparing Titanium cation (Ti.sup.4+); treating 130-275 ml potassium persulfate in 10-100 ml double-distilled water and keeping at constant temperature to obtain sulphate/oxide; dipping substrates into titanium (IV) chloride solution and re-dipping in de-ionized water to remove loosely bonded ions, if could be any; dipping substrates into potassium persulfate solution and re-dipping in de-ionized water to remove loosely bonded ions, if could be any, and keeping at 50-90° C. for complete one cycle; treating obtained Titanium cation (Ti.sup.4+) with sulphate/oxide and obtaining whitish layer on the substrate surface by necked eyes after about 10-15 cycles, suggesting initiation of film formation, wherein the deposition thickness of TiO.sub.2 layer is increased from 0.3-2.0-micron on determined 5-50 deposition cycles; and rinsing deposited films with de-ionized water and air annealed at 400-600° C. temperature to obtain anatase TiO.sub.2.

A porous metal foil and porous metal wire are described. Capacitor anodes made from either or both of the porous metal foil and porous metal wire are further described as well as methods to make same.

A stacked aluminum electrolytic capacitor includes a lead frame, a capacitor set, and at least one laser welding area. The lead frame includes a positive electrode end and a negative electrode end spaced from the positive electrode end. The capacitor set includes a plurality of stacked capacitor elements each having a positive electrode portion electrically connected to the positive electrode end and a negative electrode portion electrically connected to the negative electrode end. The at least one laser welding area is configured by a laser source capable of emitting a laser beam to perform laser welding on the positive electrode end and the positive electrode portion to form a fusion connection therebetween.

Separator systems for electrochemical systems providing electronic, mechanical and chemical properties useful for applications including electrochemical storage and conversion. Separator systems include structural, physical and electrostatic attributes useful for managing and controlling dendrite formation and for improving the cycle life and rate capability of electrochemical cells including silicon anode based batteries, air cathode based batteries, redox flow batteries, solid electrolyte based systems, fuel cells, flow batteries and semisolid batteries. Separators include multilayer, porous geometries supporting excellent ion transport properties, providing a barrier to prevent dendrite initiated mechanical failure, shorting or thermal runaway, or providing improved electrode conductivity and improved electric field uniformity, as well as composite solid electrolytes with supporting mesh or fiber systems providing solid electrolyte hardness and safety with supporting mesh or fiber toughness and long life required for thin solid electrolytes without fabrication pinholes or operationally created cracks.

A capacitor aging apparatus that includes continuity check pads configured to be electrically connected to positive electrodes of a plurality of capacitors in one-to-one correspondence to check electrical continuity with the plurality of capacitors a plurality of first terminals electrically connected to the plurality of continuity check pads; a plurality of second terminals electrically connected to the plurality of first terminals in one-to-one correspondence; and a plurality of connectors configured to be electrically connected to and disconnected from the plurality of first terminals and the plurality of second terminals, and configured to electrically connect the positive electrodes of the plurality of capacitors, the plurality of connectors each allowing a second terminal corresponding to one capacitor of corresponding two capacitors among the plurality of capacitors to be electrically connected to a first terminal corresponding to another capacitor.

An apparatus and a method for processing a capacitor according to the present disclosure may include a clamping module grabbing or releasing a capacitor to transport the capacitor, and a first processing module and a second processing module matched with each other to process and test leads of the capacitor, and simultaneously perform various processes through different processing units formed in the first processing module and symmetrical processing units formed in the second processing module and corresponding to be matched with the processing units. By providing the apparatus and method for processing the capacitor, it is possible to process a larger amount of capacitors assembled to a capacitor assembly and identify and remove the electrical defect before assembled to the assembly.