The disclosed subject matter includes devices and methods relating to vacuums and vacuum assemblies. In some aspects, methods and devices relate to a vacuum assembly including a body defining an evacuated vacuum chamber, a conduit in the body extending between the vacuum chamber and an exterior of the body, a plug at least partially occluding the conduit, and a seal between the plug and the body that seals the vacuum chamber from the exterior of the body.

The disclosed subject matter includes devices and methods relating to vacuums and vacuum assemblies. In some aspects, methods and devices relate to a vacuum assembly including a body defining an evacuated vacuum chamber, a conduit in the body extending between the vacuum chamber and an exterior of the body, a plug at least partially occluding the conduit, and a seal between the plug and the body that seals the vacuum chamber from the exterior of the body.

Provided is an electron beam irradiating device capable of emitting an electron beam from an electron beam generation source surrounded by a vacuum chamber to outside of the vacuum chamber through an electron beam exit window. The electron beam exit window includes: a grid; a window foil allowing the electron beam to pass therethrough; and a frame-shaped pressing member pressing the window foil against the grid. The surface of the grid has a groove section having an annular shape. A metal gasket is pressed between the groove section and the window foil.

Provided is an electron beam irradiating device capable of emitting an electron beam from an electron beam generation source surrounded by a vacuum chamber to outside of the vacuum chamber through an electron beam exit window. The electron beam exit window includes: a grid; a window foil allowing the electron beam to pass therethrough; and a frame-shaped pressing member pressing the window foil against the grid. The surface of the grid has a groove section having an annular shape. A metal gasket is pressed between the groove section and the window foil.

Some embodiments include an x-ray device comprising: an access port configured to receive a cathode within an interior volume of an enclosure of the x-ray device; a first vacuum seal configured to seal a cover over the access port; and a second seal configured to seal the cover over the access port, the second seal maintained between the first vacuum seal and the interior volume of the enclosure during removal of the first vacuum seal.

Provided is an electron beam irradiating device capable of emitting an electron beam from an electron beam generation source surrounded by a vacuum chamber to outside of the vacuum chamber through an electron beam exit window. The electron beam exit window includes: a grid; a window foil allowing the electron beam to pass therethrough; and a frame-shaped pressing member pressing the window foil against the grid. The surface of the grid has a groove section having an annular shape. A metal gasket is pressed between the groove section and the window foil.

According to one embodiment, an X-ray tube includes a cathode including a filament, an anode target, and an envelope. The cathode includes a metal lead wire supporter which is exposed outside the envelope, which is configured as a part of the envelope, and to which a lead wire as a power supplier to the filament is attached such that the lead wire passes both inside and outside of the envelope, and a metal filament supporter fixed on the lead wire supporter, being in contact with the lead wire supporter, and supporting the filament.

According to one embodiment, an X-ray tube includes a cathode including a filament, an anode target, and an envelope. The cathode includes a metal lead wire supporter which is exposed outside the envelope, which is configured as a part of the envelope, and to which a lead wire as a power supplier to the filament is attached such that the lead wire passes both inside and outside of the envelope, and a metal filament supporter fixed on the lead wire supporter, being in contact with the lead wire supporter, and supporting the filament.

An ultra-high vacuum seal assembly includes a circuit board, a first ring, and a second ring. The first ring and the second ring include indium. The circuit board includes a first surface and a second surface that is opposite the first surface. The circuit board also includes a via array that is in electrical communication with the first surface and the second surface of the circuit board. The first ring is positioned directly on the first surface of the circuit board and the second ring is positioned directly on the second surface of the circuit board.

An ultra-high vacuum seal assembly includes a circuit board, a first ring, and a second ring. The first ring and the second ring include indium. The circuit board includes a first surface and a second surface that is opposite the first surface. The circuit board also includes a via array that is in electrical communication with the first surface and the second surface of the circuit board. The first ring is positioned directly on the first surface of the circuit board and the second ring is positioned directly on the second surface of the circuit board.