A fiber optic sensor to determine a property in an environment with a temperature exceeding 150 degrees Celsius includes a light source to emit broadband light, an etendue of the light source being less than 1000 square micro meter-steradians (μm.sup.2 sr), and an optical fiber to carry incident light based on the broadband light and a reflection resulting from the incident light. A photodetector detects a resultant light based on the reflection and outputs an electrical signal, and a processor processes the electrical signal from the photodetector to determine the property.

A fiber optic sensor to determine a property in an environment with a temperature exceeding 150 degrees Celsius includes a light source to emit broadband light, an etendue of the light source being less than 1000 square micro meter-steradians (μm.sup.2 sr), and an optical fiber to carry incident light based on the broadband light and a reflection resulting from the incident light. A photodetector detects a resultant light based on the reflection and outputs an electrical signal, and a processor processes the electrical signal from the photodetector to determine the property.

A method of assembling a capacitor assembly comprises positioning a plurality of capacitors in respective sockets formed in a non-conductive matrix by vibrating the plurality of capacitors and disposing the array of capacitors and the non-conductive matrix between a positive terminal plate and a negative terminal plate. The capacitors are electrically coupled with the positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate and mechanically secured between the positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate. The array of capacitors includes a void cooperating with a first opening in the positive plate and a second opening in the negative plate to form a passage. The void includes a location where at least one capacitor is omitted from the array.

An infrared light source includes an emitting element extending as a radial plane about the emitting element's center and configured to heat up to emit infrared light. The emitting element lies in a cavity bounded by a cover, placed facing the emitting element. The cover has internal and external faces, the internal face facing the emitting element, and the external face defining an interface between the cover and a medium outside the light source. The cover occupies, parallel to a transverse axis perpendicular to the radial plane, a thickness, between the internal and external faces. The external face includes a planar central portion and at least one peripheral portion adjacent and inclined respective to the central portion. The planar central portion extends about the external face's center. In the peripheral portion, the cover's thickness decreases as a function of a distance from the central portion.

In various embodiments, a reflector lamp having a longitudinal axis is provided. The reflector lamp may include: a reflector which has a contour and a neck, with a pin base resting at the end of said neck, a light source arranged in the reflector, wherein the light source is fastened in the reflector with the aid of a mounting clip, which simultaneously adjusts the light source, wherein the mounting clip comprises three sections, namely a first section which holds the light source, a second section which serves for the adjustment in the neck and a third section which is used for the base connection.

In various embodiments, a reflector lamp having a longitudinal axis is provided. The reflector lamp may include: a reflector which has a contour and a neck, with a pin base resting at the end of said neck, a light source arranged in the reflector, wherein the light source is fastened in the reflector with the aid of a mounting clip, which simultaneously adjusts the light source, wherein the mounting clip comprises three sections, namely a first section which holds the light source, a second section which serves for the adjustment in the neck and a third section which is used for the base connection.

A partially coated lamp capsule (212) for a projection headlamp (12) has filament (224) in capsule envelope (220) having light-transmissive coating (60) extending from capsule upper region (225) towards filament distal end (227) to an axial location in a region defined between about 0.098 inch (2.5 mm) above filament distal end (227) and about 0.098 inch below filament distal end (227), the capsule envelope (220) being uncoated on an undistorted portion of capsule envelope (220) below filament proximal end (229). Lamp capsule (212) is useful in projection headlamp (12) having a reflector (28) whose central heel (37) forms the hot spot and casts light through projector lens (30) to generate low and/or high beam patterns. Present lamp capsules (212) give increased photometric intensity over conventional lamps in low beam at critical driver's lane (0.6D, 1.3R) and (0.86D, V) test points, and in high beam at the critical (H,V) test point.

In various embodiments, a reflector lamp having a longitudinal axis is provided. The reflector lamp may include: a reflector which has a contour and a neck, with a pin base resting at the end of said neck, a light source arranged in the reflector, wherein the light source is fastened in the reflector with the aid of a mounting clip, which simultaneously adjusts the light source, wherein the mounting clip comprises three sections, namely a first section which holds the light source, a second section which serves for the adjustment in the neck and a third section which is used for the base connection.

In various embodiments, a reflector lamp having a longitudinal axis is provided. The reflector lamp may include: a reflector which has a contour and a neck, with a pin base resting at the end of said neck, a light source arranged in the reflector, wherein the light source is fastened in the reflector with the aid of a mounting clip, which simultaneously adjusts the light source, wherein the mounting clip comprises three sections, namely a first section which holds the light source, a second section which serves for the adjustment in the neck and a third section which is used for the base connection.