Set forth herein are compositions comprising A.(LiBH.sub.4).B.(LiX).C.(LiNH.sub.2), wherein X is fluorine, bromine, chloride, iodine, or a combination thereof, and wherein 0.1≤A≤3, 0.1≤B≤4, and 0≤C≤9 that are suitable for use as solid electrolyte separators in lithium electrochemical devices. Also set forth herein are methods of making A.(LiBH.sub.4).B.(LiX).C.(LiNH.sub.2) compositions. Also disclosed herein are electrochemical devices which incorporate A.(LiBH.sub.4).B.(LiX).C.(LiNH.sub.2) compositions and other materials.

According to one embodiment, a separator is provided. The separator includes a composite membrane. The composite membrane includes a substrate layer, a first composite layer, and a second composite layer. The first composite layer is located on one surface of the substrate layer. The second composite layer is located on the other surface of the substrate layer. The composite membrane has a coefficient of air permeability of 1×10.sup.−14 m.sup.2 or less. The first composite layer has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is in contact with the substrate layer. The second surface is located on an opposite side to the first surface. Denseness of a portion including the first surface is lower than denseness of a portion including the second surface in the first composite layer.

According to one embodiment, a secondary battery is provided. The secondary battery includes: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode; a separator arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; and a first aqueous electrolyte held in at least the positive electrode. pH of the first aqueous electrolyte is more than 7. The positive electrode active material contains a lithium-containing compound that exhibits an average operating potential of less than 4.0 V based on lithium metal.

An all-solid-state battery includes a pair of electrode layers consisting of first and second electrode layers, and a solid-state electrolyte layer positioned between the pair of electrode layers, wherein the first electrode layer contains an electrode active material having an olivine-type crystalline structure, the solid-state electrolyte layer contains a solid-state electrolyte having a NASICON-type crystalline structure, and the solid-state electrolyte layer in the vicinity of the first electrode layer is expressed by a composition formula Li.sub.xA.sub.yCo.sub.zM′.sub.aM″.sub.bP.sub.3O.sub.c. The all-solid-state battery can improve the long-term cycle stability.

An electrolyte membrane of a membrane-electrode assembly is formed by a manufacturing method yielding a membrane with improved chemical durability. The manufacturing method includes preparing an antioxidant solution, mixing the antioxidant solution and a first ionomer dispersion solution, drying the mixture to produce a composite having an antioxidant and a first ionomer surrounding the antioxidant, introducing and mixing the composite with a second ionomer dispersion solution, and applying that mixture to a substrate and drying the mixture to manufacture an electrolyte membrane. The resulting electrolyte membrane includes the composite having an antioxidant in an ionic state and a first ionomer surrounding the antioxidant.

A lithium-sulfur battery including an anode, a cathode, a separator, and an electrolyte dispersed throughout the lithium-sulfur battery is provided. The anode may output lithium ions. The cathode may be positioned opposite to the anode and have an overall porosity as defined by multiple non-hollow carbon spherical (NHCS) particles joined together to form tubular NHCS particle agglomerate. Pores may be associated with the overall porosity of the cathode and interspersed uniformly throughout the NHCS particles. In some aspects, each pore having a diameter between 1 nm and 10 nm; and each tubular NCHS agglomerate has a length between 5 micrometers (μm) and 35 μm. Interconnected channels defined in shape by the NHCS particles may be joined to each other and the pores, where some interconnected channels may be pre-loaded with an elemental sulfur and retain polysulfides (PS). Retention of the polysulfides may be based on some NHCS particles.

Provided are a solid electrolyte composition containing a polymer (A) having a mass average molecular weight of 5,000 or more, an electrolyte salt (B) having an ion of a metal belonging to Group I or II of the periodic table, a compound (C) having three or more polymerization reactive groups, and a compound (D) having two or more polymerization reactive groups that are polymerization reactive groups different from the polymerization reactive groups that the compound (C) has and are capable of causing a polymerization reaction with the polymerization reactive groups that the compound (C) has, a solid electrolyte-containing sheet and an all-solid state secondary battery that are obtained using the solid electrolyte composition, and methods for manufacturing a solid electrolyte-containing sheet and an all-solid state secondary battery.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provided is a sulfide solid-state battery including a negative electrode current collector that contains copper, and a negative electrode mixture layer that contains a negative electrode active material, a sulfide solid electrolyte material, and an oxide solid electrolyte material. Assuming that the negative electrode mixture layer is virtually divided into two portions in a thickness direction, the upper layer portion contains a larger amount of the sulfide solid electrolyte material than the lower layer portion, and the lower layer portion contains a larger amount of the oxide solid electrolyte material than the upper layer portion.

A process can be used to produce a charge storage unit, especially a secondary battery, the electrodes of which contain an organic redox-active polymer, and which includes a polymeric solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is obtained by polymerizing from mixtures of acrylates with methacrylates in the presence of at least one ionic liquid, which imparts advantageous properties to the charge storage unit.

Provided is an all-solid-state battery which is configured to suppress an increase in the resistance of the all-solid-state battery and which is configured to suppress the peeling-off of the solid electrolyte layer. Disclosed is an all-solid-state battery comprising: a cathode comprising a cathode layer, an anode comprising an anode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer disposed between the cathode layer and the anode layer, wherein a width of the cathode layer is smaller than a width of the anode layer and a width of the solid electrolyte layer; wherein the solid electrolyte layer comprises a non-facing portion where the solid electrolyte layer does not face the cathode layer and a facing portion where the solid electrolyte layer faces the cathode layer; and wherein a binder content of the non-facing portion is larger than a binder content of the facing portion.