A solid-state battery that includes one or more battery constituent units each including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer interposed between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in which the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer have a central portion and an outer edge portion surrounding the central portion in a plan view of the solid-state battery, and in at least one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer: 1.05≤(maximum value of film thickness of outer edge portion)/(average film thickness of central portion)<1.34 and (average film thickness of solid electrolyte layer)/(average film thickness of central portion)>0.35.

A method of fabricating and using a zinc negative electrode and systems thereof are described. A zinc electroplated electrode including a layer of zinc metal bonded to a surface of an electrically conductive current collector is fabricated by an electroplating process using a zinc electroplating system. The zinc electroplating system includes: a zinc metal anode, a cathode including the current collector for plating zinc thereon, and an electrolyte bath comprising zinc ions. The electroplating process bonds the zinc metal to the surface of the current collector to create the electroplated zinc electrode. The electroplated zinc electrode is used as a negative electrode in a zinc metal cell. The zinc metal cell may be a primary cell or a secondary cell.

An alkaline dry battery includes a battery case, a hollow cylindrical positive electrode accommodated in the battery case, a negative electrode disposed in the hollow portion of the positive electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution contained in the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator. The alkaline dry battery further includes a layer principally including a compound containing a polyoxyethylene group between the positive electrode and the inner surface of the battery case.

An alkaline dry battery includes a battery case, a hollow cylindrical positive electrode accommodated in the battery case, a negative electrode disposed in the hollow portion of the positive electrode, a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution contained in the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the separator. The alkaline dry battery further includes a layer principally including a compound containing a polyoxyethylene group between the positive electrode and the inner surface of the battery case.

An alkaline battery has a positive electrode mixture containing manganese dioxide and a conductive material filling a tubular positive electrode can that is closed at one end. A negative electrode mixture containing a zinc powder filling on an inner peripheral side of a separator is disposed on an inside of the positive electrode mixture. The negative electrode mixture contains zinc particles with a granularity of 75 μm or less at 25 to 40 mass %. The positive electrode mixture has a plurality of tubular pellets stacked inside the positive electrode can coaxially with the positive electrode can. A sum s of lengths of gaps between the pellets is set at 1 to 14% with respect to a sum d of lengths of the pellets. Thus, a sufficient amount of the electrolyte is held in the gaps and between the pellets in the positive electrode.

An alkaline battery has a positive electrode mixture containing manganese dioxide and a conductive material filling a tubular positive electrode can that is closed at one end. A negative electrode mixture containing a zinc powder filling on an inner peripheral side of a separator is disposed on an inside of the positive electrode mixture. The negative electrode mixture contains zinc particles with a granularity of 75 μm or less at 25 to 40 mass %. The positive electrode mixture has a plurality of tubular pellets stacked inside the positive electrode can coaxially with the positive electrode can. A sum s of lengths of gaps between the pellets is set at 1 to 14% with respect to a sum d of lengths of the pellets. Thus, a sufficient amount of the electrolyte is held in the gaps and between the pellets in the positive electrode.

A method of fabricating and using a zinc negative electrode and systems thereof are described. A zinc electroplated electrode including a layer of zinc metal bonded to a surface of an electrically conductive current collector is fabricated by an electroplating process using a zinc electroplating system. The zinc electroplating system includes: a zinc metal anode, a cathode including the current collector for plating zinc thereon, and an electrolyte bath comprising zinc ions. The electroplating process bonds the zinc metal to the surface of the current collector to create the electroplated zinc electrode. The electroplated zinc electrode is used as a negative electrode in a zinc metal cell. The zinc metal cell may be a primary cell or a secondary cell.

A lithium primary battery including: a battery case; an electrode group; and a nonaqueous electrolyte; the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a nonaqueous solvent, a solute, and an additive; the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween; the negative electrode includes foil composed of metal lithium or a lithium alloy, has a shape extending in a longitudinal direction and a short direction, and provided with a long tape adhered to at least one main surface of the negative electrode along the longitudinal direction thereof; the tape includes a resin substrate and an adhesive layer and has a width of 0.5 to 3 mm; and the additive is a lithium salt represented by the following formula (1): Li.sub.xMC.sub.yO.sub.zF.sub.α (1≤x≤2, 0≤y≤6, 0≤z≤8, 0≤α≤6, and 1≤y+z+α are satisfied, and y and z are not simultaneously 0), and the element M includes at least one of phosphorus and boron.

A lithium primary battery including: a battery case; an electrode group; and a nonaqueous electrolyte; the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a nonaqueous solvent, a solute, and an additive; the electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween; the negative electrode includes foil composed of metal lithium or a lithium alloy, has a shape extending in a longitudinal direction and a short direction, and provided with a long tape adhered to at least one main surface of the negative electrode along the longitudinal direction thereof; the tape includes a resin substrate and an adhesive layer and has a width of 0.5 to 3 mm; and the additive is a lithium salt represented by the following formula (1): Li.sub.xMC.sub.yO.sub.zF.sub.α (1≤x≤2, 0≤y≤6, 0≤z≤8, 0≤α≤6, and 1≤y+z+α are satisfied, and y and z are not simultaneously 0), and the element M includes at least one of phosphorus and boron.

An alkaline electrochemical cell has a central cathode having a corresponding cathode current collector electrically connected with a positive terminal of the electrochemical cell. The cathode current collector has a tubular shape, such as a cylindrical shape or rectangular shape, extending parallel with the length of the central cathode. The cathode current collector is embedded within the central cathode, such as at a medial point of a radius of the central cathode, thereby minimizing the distance between the cathode current collector and any portion of the central cathode, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of the cathode and facilitating charge transfer to the cathode current collector.