The invention is a cathode arrangement comprising a cathode housing (20) defining a space (16) for cathode material and comprising a cathode housing wall being permeable to an electrolyte, and a collector member made of carbon, having a first end part extending into the space (16) for cathode material and a second end part extending outside the space (16) for cathode material, and cathode particles (10), having a cylindric shape with a diameter of 2-5 mm and being extruded from carbon, are arranged in the space (16) for cathode material. The invention is, furthermore, an energy cell comprising the cathode arrangement, an arrangement for processing hydrogen gas comprising the cathode arrangement and use the energy cell applying seawater or salt water as an electrolyte. Furthermore, the invention is a method for manufacturing the cathode arrangement.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a remote oceanic environment includes a float system, at least one electric motor, and a seawater battery. The float system allows the UAV to maintain buoyancy on a body of water. The electric motor or motors produce the required lift for the UAV to achieve and maintain flight. The flight includes the UAV landing on the body of water and takeoff from the body of water. The seawater battery directly or indirectly powers the electric motor or motors using seawater from the body of water while the UAV is floating on the body of water.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a remote oceanic environment includes a float system, at least one electric motor, and a seawater battery. The float system allows the UAV to maintain buoyancy on a body of water. The electric motor or motors produce the required lift for the UAV to achieve and maintain flight. The flight includes the UAV landing on the body of water and takeoff from the body of water. The seawater battery directly or indirectly powers the electric motor or motors using seawater from the body of water while the UAV is floating on the body of water.

The present disclosure relates to a stand-alone buoy with a seawater battery, which includes a main body formed to have a predetermined buoyancy so as to float on seawater and provided with a seawater space therein and an inlet formed to introduce the seawater into the seawater space, a position notification part installed on the main body and configured to notify a user of a position of the main body, a solar cell part installed on the main body and configured to generate electricity using sunlight, and a seawater battery unit installed in the seawater space to be submerged in the seawater introduced into the seawater space and configured to react with the seawater to store the electricity provided from the solar cell part and to provide the stored electricity to the position notification part so as to operate the position notification part.

The present disclosure relates to a stand-alone buoy with a seawater battery, which includes a main body formed to have a predetermined buoyancy so as to float on seawater and provided with a seawater space therein and an inlet formed to introduce the seawater into the seawater space, a position notification part installed on the main body and configured to notify a user of a position of the main body, a solar cell part installed on the main body and configured to generate electricity using sunlight, and a seawater battery unit installed in the seawater space to be submerged in the seawater introduced into the seawater space and configured to react with the seawater to store the electricity provided from the solar cell part and to provide the stored electricity to the position notification part so as to operate the position notification part.

Leak detection sensors, appliances configured to detect leaks and methods of detecting leaks are provided. The leak detection sensor is a self-powered leak detection sensor. The leak detection sensor includes a water-permeable medium and at least one electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell can include a first electrode and a second electrode, and an electrolyte disposed between the electrodes, wherein in a dormant state, the electrolyte is in a solid, dry state. The electrochemical cell can enter an active state when exposed to water. The electrochemical cell can be configured to generate electrical power in the active state. The leak detection sensor can further include a peripheral electronic component configured to receive electrical power produced by the electrochemical cell. The self-powered leak detection sensor is configured for, and related methods include, detecting exposure to water in response to electrical energy generation of the electrochemical cell.

Leak detection sensors, appliances configured to detect leaks and methods of detecting leaks are provided. The leak detection sensor is a self-powered leak detection sensor. The leak detection sensor includes a water-permeable medium and at least one electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell can include a first electrode and a second electrode, and an electrolyte disposed between the electrodes, wherein in a dormant state, the electrolyte is in a solid, dry state. The electrochemical cell can enter an active state when exposed to water. The electrochemical cell can be configured to generate electrical power in the active state. The leak detection sensor can further include a peripheral electronic component configured to receive electrical power produced by the electrochemical cell. The self-powered leak detection sensor is configured for, and related methods include, detecting exposure to water in response to electrical energy generation of the electrochemical cell.

An uninterruptible power supply unit for subsea applications includes a flow battery including: at least one flow battery module including at least a negative electrode cell and a positive electrode cell, a first electrolyte storage tank connected to the negative electrode cell to provide the negative electrode cell with a first electrolyte, and a second electrolyte storage tank connected to the positive electrode cell to provide the positive electrode cell with a second electrolyte. The unit further includes at least one electrolyte pressure compensator, connected to the first electrolyte storage tank and connected to the second electrolyte storage tank, respectively, to provide pressure balancing between an ambient medium surrounding the at least one electrolyte pressure compensator and first electrolytes and second electrolytes inside the first electrolyte storage tank and inside the second electrolyte storage tank, respectively.

Power sources that enable in-body devices, such as implantable and ingestible devices, are provided. Aspects of the in-body power sources of the invention include a solid support, a first high surface area electrode and a second electrode. Embodiments of the in-power sources are configured to emit a detectable signal upon contact with a target physiological site. Also provided are methods of making and using the power sources of the invention.

Power sources that enable in-body devices, such as implantable and ingestible devices, are provided. Aspects of the in-body power sources of the invention include a solid support, a first high surface area electrode and a second electrode. Embodiments of the in-power sources are configured to emit a detectable signal upon contact with a target physiological site. Also provided are methods of making and using the power sources of the invention.