A disclosed airborne vehicle includes split-ring resonators (split ring resonators), which may be embedded within a material. Each split ring resonator may be formed from a three-dimensional (3D) monolithic carbonaceous growth and may detect an electromagnetic ping emitted from a user device. Each split ring resonator may generate an electromagnetic return signal in response to the electromagnetic ping. The electromagnetic return signal may indicate a state of the material in a position proximate to a respective split ring resonator. In some aspects, each may resonate at a first frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a first state, and may resonate at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a second state. A resonant frequency of the 3D monolithic carbonaceous growth may be based on physical characteristics of the material.

Provided is an antenna device with a simple configuration and in which it is possible to control the directivity in various directions. An antenna device according to the present invention is provided with: an array antenna that includes at least one antenna element disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that forms beams in respective directions having a plurality of angles including a first angle relative to the first surface of the substrate; and a side wall that is provided on at least a partial periphery of the at least one antenna element and that refracts, in a direction along the substrate, a first beam in the direction having the first angle.

An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides radar-reflecting systems and apparatus that employ metasurfaces to produce enhanced radar cross sections that are greater than those produced by the geometry of the surfaces alone. Another aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides heat-ducting systems and apparatus that include metasurfaces. A further aspect of the present disclosure is directed to and provides cards with metasurfaces. Exemplary embodiments utilize fractal plasmonic surfaces for a metasurface.

A vehicle locating assembly for locating a suspect licensed vehicle includes a computer, a plurality of RFID tags, and a plurality of interrogators. A database is positioned on the computer and comprises a list of licensed vehicles, each of which is assigned a unique identifier. Each RFID tag is engaged to a respective license plate of a plurality of license plates, with the respective license plate being affixed to an associated licensed vehicle. The unique identifier of the associated licensed vehicle is written on the RFID tag. The interrogators are communicatively engaged to the computer and are mounted to create an array across a network of roads. The interrogator selectively powers the RFID tags so that they transmit their respective unique identifiers. The interrogator receives the respective unique identifiers and communicates them to the computer. The computer the isolates a unique identifier of a suspect licensed vehicle.

A system comprises a first sensor on a first end of a vehicle and an on-board controller coupled to the first sensor. The first sensor is configured to detect a radio frequency (RF) signature of a marker along a guideway. The first sensor is a radar detection device. The on-board controller is configured to determine a first position of the vehicle on the guideway or a first distance from the position of the vehicle to a stopping location along the guideway based on at least the RF signature received from the first sensor. The marker is a metasurface plate comprising a first diffused element, a first retroreflector element, a first absorbing element and a second diffused element between the first retroreflector element and the first absorbing element.

A vehicle alignment system is adapted to align a vehicle with a wireless power induction coil for wireless charging through use of magnetic resonant induction. The system includes a transmission line disposed in the parking slot so as to guide the vehicle to the wireless power induction coil for charging. The transmission line leaks a signal having an operating frequency that is detected to align the vehicle left-right in the parking slot when the vehicle is aligned for charging by the wireless power induction coil. At least two vehicle mounted antennas mounted on opposite sides of transmission line when the vehicle is aligned in the parking slot detect the operating frequency from the transmission line, and signal processing circuitry detects a relative signal phase between signals detected by the antennas that is representative of alignment of the vehicle with respect to the wireless power induction coil and the parking slot.

A vehicle has a detection device for detecting a route-side transmitter device. The detection device has at least two receiving antennas which are suitable for receiving a magnetic field component, oriented in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle, of electromagnetic radiation which is emitted by the route-side transmitter device. The at least two receiving antennas are arranged with an offset in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

A communication system and method for vehicles, particularly trains, are described with the vehicle having antenna sets. Each antenna set includes a plurality of antennas mounted onto a convex-shaped vehicle roof in which an axis of one antenna set is approximately perpendicular to an axis of another antenna set and in which the antenna sets are mounted below roof level of the convex-shaped vehicle roof A switching device is operable to switch between a first antenna configuration and a second antenna configuration based on a difference in measured signal power received at the antenna sets. The first antenna configuration is associated with a first stationary communication system of the plurality of stationary communication systems and a second antenna configuration is associated with a second stationary communication system of the plurality of stationary communication systems.

A component including a substrate with dielectric coating on the substrate. The electrical reactance of the dielectric coating configured for the propagation of electromagnetic surface waves. The dielectric coating is arranged as a plurality of discrete pathways. Also a signal transmission system including a component, an electromagnetic surface wave transmitter coupled to the substrate, and an electromagnetic surface wave receiver also coupled to the substrate.

A current collector has a sliding contact for making electrical contact with a conductor profile of a conductor line and an antenna for insertion into a longitudinal slot, running in a longitudinal direction of the conductor line. The sliding contact and the antenna can be moved jointly towards the conductor profile in a feed direction by a feed device of the current collector. A conductor line has a conductor profile running in a longitudinal direction, having an elongate cavity and a longitudinal slot adjoining the cavity and running in the longitudinal direction. The conductor profile has at least one sliding contact groove for the sliding contact of the current collector. The antenna is mounted on the current collector so as to be moveable with respect to the sliding contact in the feed direction, and the conductor profile has at least one spacer slide surface running in the longitudinal direction, for a spacer slide of the current collector.