The disclosed structures and methods are directed to antenna systems configured to transmit and receive a wireless signal in and from different directions. An antenna for transmission of electromagnetic (EM) waves comprises a phased array and a metastructure. The phased array has radiated elements configured to radiate the EM waves. The metastructure is located at a phased array distance from the phased array to receive the EM waves at the first angle and to transmit the EM waves at a second angle, the second angle being larger than the first angle. The metastructure comprises three impedance layers arranged in parallel to each other and each impedance layer comprising a plurality of metallization elements. Each metallization element has a first dipole and a pair of first capacitance arms located on each end of the first dipole approximately perpendicular to the first dipole.

A film heater has a transparent conductive portion including: at least one non-conductive portion that has electrical insulation properties and extends in a direction intersecting a vibration direction of an electric field included in a radio wave transmitted from a radio wave transmitter-receiver; and a heat generator that generates heat by being energized and that transmits light. The film heater has: a first electrode connected to the heat generator; and a second electrode connected to the heat generator. The heat generator includes at least one conductive portion that is adjacent to the non-conductive portion and generates heat by a current flowing along a direction in which the non-conductive portion extends when the heat generator is energized by the first electrode and the second electrode.

An antenna device is disclosed, including a cavity structure having a floor portion and a perimeter wall portion connected to the floor portion. A dipole structure extends upward from a center region of the floor portion inside the cavity structure. At least one of the wall portion and the dipole structure has an opening small enough relative to an expected radio frequency wavelength to avoid affecting antenna performance.

A cover includes a cover body and a first line layer. The cover body is made of an insulating material, and the first line layer is made of a conductive material. The first line layer is completely built into the cover body, and the first line layer is configured to form a radiator, and is coupled to a radio frequency transceiver circuit of an electronic device. The first line layer includes a plurality of first conducting wires and a plurality of second conducting wires. The plurality of first conducting wires are arranged at intervals in a first direction, and the plurality of second conducting wires are arranged at intervals in a second direction. The plurality of first conducting wires and the plurality of second conducting wires are disposed intersecting each other. The first direction is different from the second direction.

A method for manufacturing a heatable plastic component for a motor vehicle, which includes: providing a planar heating film, which has a first surface and a second surface that faces away from and is opposite the first surface, including at least one heating wire and connecting elements; introducing the planar heating film into an injection mold; mounting a connector housing onto the connecting elements; and back-molding the first surface with a plastic for manufacturing a first partial element of the heatable plastic component in the injection mold. In order to provide an improved method for manufacturing a heatable plastic component, it is proposed that a back-molding of the second surface with a plastic for manufacturing a second partial element of the heatable plastic component in the injection mold takes place such that a composite is formed from the first partial element, the planar heating film and the second partial element.

An electromagnetic wave transmissive cover includes: a base made of a dielectric material and having transmissiveness to electromagnetic waves; and a reflection hindering layer laminated on at least one of two surfaces of the base in a travel direction of the electromagnetic waves, made of a dielectric material, having transmissiveness to the electromagnetic waves, and hindering reflection of the electromagnetic waves. A wavelength of each electromagnetic wave in the reflection hindering layer is referred to as λ2 and 2π/λ2 is set as a phase constant β.sub.2. An amount of deviation between a phase of a reflected wave reflected on the front interface of the reflection hindering layer in the travel direction and a phase of a reflected wave reflected on the rear interface is referred to as a phase deviation amount β. Thickness L.sub.2 of the reflection hindering layer is set to β/β.sub.2.

A decrease in performance of an antenna is suppressed while maintaining metallic design by a metal vapor deposition layer in a cover with antenna function. A back cover includes cover member, a pictorial pattern layer, and a metasurface. The pictorial pattern layer is arranged in a layering direction with respect to the cover member and includes a metal vapor deposition layer. The metasurface is arranged side by side in the layering direction with the pictorial pattern layer. The metasurface amplifies an antenna signal.

The present disclosure provides a display panel including a display layer and an antenna layer. The display layer includes pixel units arranged according to a first rule. The antenna layer is arranged on a light-exiting side of the display layer and includes multiple metal grid units that are uniformly arranged in the antenna layer according to a second rule. The antenna layer includes a first area and a second area. The metal grid units in the first area are in conduction with each other and are not in conduction to the metal grid units in other areas to form an antenna unit. The second area is a non-antenna area. The ratio of the total area of the first area and the second area to the area of the display layer is greater than 90%.

A vehicle component is configured to be arranged in a path of an electromagnetic wave transmitted and received by a radar device. The vehicle component includes a dielectric layer including a dielectric, a metal layer made of metal, and a heater wire. The metal layer includes an electromagnetic wave passage portion through which the electromagnetic wave passes and an electromagnetic wave reflection portion that reflects the electromagnetic wave. The heater wire is located on the electromagnetic wave passage portion of the metal layer. The heater wire generates heat when energized.

Provided is an outer shell member for communication equipment, capable of enhancing metallic luster design while suppressing the generation of radio wave shielding that affects communication. A metallic tone print sheet 51 is arranged at least on a portion of an outer shell member for communication equipment including a mobile device 1 with a communication device and a protective case mounted thereon. The metallic tone print sheet 51 includes, when viewed from the front, a metallic portion equipped with a metallic reflective layer and a transmission portion not equipped with a metallic reflective layer. The metallic reflective layer is provided with a metallic concave reflective surface that is curved in a cross-section in the thickness direction of the metallic tone print sheet. The transmission portion has a radio wave permeability that transmits radio waves to the communication device.