A photonic antenna array includes: a plurality of tapered fiber ends; and a support plate. Each tapered fiber end of the plurality of tapered fiber ends corresponds to a respective fiber of a plurality of fibers. A portion of each of the plurality of fibers is run through the support plate. A fiber core diameter at a tapered end point of a respective tapered fiber end of the plurality of tapered fiber ends has a first diameter. A fiber core diameter at a non-tapered portion of the respective fiber corresponding to the respective tapered fiber end has a second diameter. The first diameter is smaller than the second diameter. The respective tapered fiber end is configured to provide a mode field diameter larger than a diameter of the non-tapered portion of the respective fiber corresponding to the respective tapered fiber end.

[Object]

To improve accuracy of transmission and reception in antennas.

[Solving Means]

A radar apparatus includes multiple antennas, a power feeding circuit, and dummy antennas. The multiple antennas have a predetermined length in a first direction and are arranged in an array form in a second direction that intersects the first direction. The power feeding circuit is connected to the multiple antennas. The dummy antennas have a length different from the predetermined length and are arranged so as to sandwich the multiple antennas in the second direction.

A trifurcated antenna radiator is disclosed. The trifurcated antenna radiator includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator. The first and second radiators are coupled to a negative terminal and the third radiator is coupled to a positive terminal. The first radiator includes a first arched element having a first end and a second end and a first apex therebetween. The second radiator includes second arched element having a third end and a fourth end and a second apex therebetween. The first and second radiators may be symmetrical or asymmetrically with respect to each other. The third radiator may be symmetrical or asymmetrical.

This document describes waveguides that use a combination of air dielectric filled channels and non-air dielectric filled channels to obtain beneficial attributes of both air and dielectric waveguides. EM energy loss inside the waveguide compares to a traditional air waveguide. However, with a smaller size than a comparable air waveguide, the example waveguide can occupy less area of a chip or package than a comparable air waveguide of a traditional design. The waveguide has a routing portion with hollow channels filled with an air dielectric. Radiation channels corresponding to each of the hollow channels are loaded with a non-air dielectric. A surface of each of the radiation channels allows EM energy to escape the non-air dielectric. The described waveguide may be particularly advantageous for use in an automotive context, for example, detecting objects in a roadway in a travel path of a vehicle.

An antenna array is provided that includes a plurality of radiating elements and one or more combiners. The plurality of radiating elements and the combiners are formed as a single indivisible metal element by use of additive manufacturing processes.

A waveguide antenna system, includes: an electromagnetic, EM, transition portion having a transition region having a signal feed interface and an open waveguide section, the EM transition portion configured to couple EM energy from the signal feed interface to a guided waveguide mode of EM energy to the open waveguide section via the transition region; and a leaky waveguide antenna portion configured and disposed to radiate electromagnetic energy received from the open waveguide section; wherein the EM transition portion is electromagnetically coupled to the leaky waveguide antenna portion, the EM transition portion being configured to support a transfer of electromagnetic energy from a signal feed structure to the leaky waveguide antenna portion.

A radar system for detecting the environment of a motor vehicle includes an antenna assembly comprising plastic and including one or more individual antennas for transmitting and/or receiving radar signals. A circuit board includes at least one area that is permeable by radar waves. At least one high-frequency component is coupled to one side of the circuit board and includes at least one radiating element for direct emission or receipt of radar waves in the direction of the circuit board in the least one area that is permeable by radar waves. The antenna assembly is disposed on the other side of the circuit board opposite the at least one high-frequency component. The antenna assembly includes a coupling/decoupling point disposed in the at least one area of the circuit board permeable by radar waves.

A surface-wave waveguide may include a base conductive ground plane including opposite side edges and a pair of conductive side walls. One conductive side wall extends from each side edge of the conductive ground plane. The surface-wave waveguide may also include a substrate including a dielectric material disposed on the base conductive ground plane and between the conductive side walls. The surface-wave waveguide may also include an impedance sheet disposed on the substrate and between the conductive side walls. The impedance sheet may include a predetermined impedance characteristic for transmitting an electromagnetic wave.

A leaky travelling wave array of elements provide a broadband radio frequency antenna.

According to various embodiments, systems and methods for suppressing grating lobes in a traveling-wave antenna system are disclosed. An apparatus can include a traveling-wave antenna array comprising a plurality of adjacent traveling-wave antennas. The apparatus also can include a phase diversity feed coupled to the traveling-wave antenna array. The phase diversity feed can be configured to provide phase diverse input to two or more of the plurality of adjacent traveling-wave antennas.