An antenna system has a two-dimensional field of view, yet can be implemented on a surface, such as on electronic or photonic integrated circuits. The antenna system includes an array of antennas disposed in a predetermined non-linear pattern and a two-dimensional beamforming network (BFN). The antenna system can be steered/selectively beamformed in two dimensions through beam port selection. The beamforming network is disposed entirely on a single first surface. The beamforming network has a one-dimensional array-side interface disposed on the first surface and a one-dimensional beam-side interface disposed on the first surface. The antennas of the array of antennas are individually communicably coupled to the array-side interface. Segments of the beam-side interface map to respective pixels in the two-dimensional field of view.

An antenna system has a two-dimensional field of view, yet can be implemented on a surface, such as on electronic or photonic integrated circuits. The antenna system includes an array of antennas disposed in a predetermined non-linear pattern and a two-dimensional beamforming network (BFN). The antenna system can be steered/selectively beamformed in two dimensions through beam port selection. The beamforming network is disposed entirely on a single first surface. The beamforming network has a one-dimensional array-side interface disposed on the first surface and a one-dimensional beam-side interface disposed on the first surface. The antennas of the array of antennas are individually communicably coupled to the array-side interface. Segments of the beam-side interface map to respective pixels in the two-dimensional field of view.

A multiband antenna, having a reflector, and a first array of first radiating elements having a first operational frequency band, the first radiating elements being a plurality of dipole arms, each dipole arm including a plurality of conductive segments coupled in series by a plurality of inductive elements; and a second array of second radiating elements having a second operational frequency band, wherein the plurality of conductive segments each have a length less than one-half wavelength at the second operational frequency band.

A wireless communication apparatus includes a first conductor and a second conductor that function as a set of electrodes for wireless communication, a third conductor and a fourth conductor that function as another set of electrodes for wireless communication. A difference between a first distance between a centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the third conductor and a second distance between a centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the third conductor is less than a width of the first conductor and a width of the second conductor. A third distance between the centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the first distance. A fourth distance between the centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the second distance.

A wireless communication apparatus includes a first conductor and a second conductor that function as a set of electrodes for wireless communication, a third conductor and a fourth conductor that function as another set of electrodes for wireless communication. A difference between a first distance between a centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the third conductor and a second distance between a centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the third conductor is less than a width of the first conductor and a width of the second conductor. A third distance between the centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the first distance. A fourth distance between the centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the second distance.

An antenna includes first and second antenna elements, and first and second coupling bodies. The first and second antenna elements respectively include first and second radiation conductors and first and second feed lines, and respectively resonate in first and second frequency bands. The first and second radiation conductors are arranged side-by-side at an interval equal to or shorter than ½ a resonance wavelength. The first and second radiation conductors are coupled under a first coupling mode in which one of capacitive coupling and magnetic field coupling is dominant. The first coupling body couples first end portions of the first and second radiation conductors under a second coupling mode different from the first coupling mode. The second coupling body couples second end portions of the first and second radiation conductors, opposite to the first end portions, under the second coupling mode.

Apparatus and methods for antenna arrays with staggered rows of antennas for dual frequency operation are provided. In certain embodiments, a mobile device includes a front-end system including a plurality of radio frequency signal conditioning circuits, an antenna array that includes a plurality of antenna elements including a first row of antenna elements and a second row of antenna elements that are staggered, a plurality of switches coupled between the plurality of radio frequency signal conditioning circuits and the antenna array, and a control circuit configured to control a selection of the plurality of antenna elements by the plurality of switches.

Apparatus and methods for antenna arrays with staggered rows of antennas for dual frequency operation are provided. In certain embodiments, a mobile device includes a front-end system including a plurality of radio frequency signal conditioning circuits, an antenna array that includes a plurality of antenna elements including a first row of antenna elements and a second row of antenna elements that are staggered, a plurality of switches coupled between the plurality of radio frequency signal conditioning circuits and the antenna array, and a control circuit configured to control a selection of the plurality of antenna elements by the plurality of switches.

A wireless communication apparatus includes a first conductor and a second conductor that function as a set of electrodes for wireless communication, a third conductor and a fourth conductor that function as another set of electrodes for wireless communication. A difference between a first distance between a centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the third conductor and a second distance between a centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the third conductor is less than a width of the first conductor and a width of the second conductor. A third distance between the centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the first distance. A fourth distance between the centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the second distance.

A wireless communication apparatus includes a first conductor and a second conductor that function as a set of electrodes for wireless communication, a third conductor and a fourth conductor that function as another set of electrodes for wireless communication. A difference between a first distance between a centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the third conductor and a second distance between a centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the third conductor is less than a width of the first conductor and a width of the second conductor. A third distance between the centroid of the first conductor and a centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the first distance. A fourth distance between the centroid of the second conductor and the centroid of the fourth conductor is longer than the second distance.