A laser amplification device includes a laser oscillator that includes a first laser active medium including a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide gas and emits pulsed laser light with the full width at half maximum of between 15 ns to 200 ns, and a laser amplifier that includes a second laser active medium including a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide gas through which the pulsed laser light emitted from the laser oscillator passes to be shortened to pulsed laser light with the full width at half maximum of between 5 ns and 30 ns to be output.

A light source apparatus includes a gas discharge stage, a sensing apparatus, an optical arrangement, an adjustment apparatus, and a control apparatus. The gas discharge stage includes an optical amplifier including a chamber configured to hold a gas discharge medium outputting a light beam, and a set of optical elements configured to form an optical resonator around the optical amplifier. The optical arrangement is configured to image light from a plurality of distinct object planes within the gas discharge stage onto the sensing apparatus. The adjustment apparatus is in physical communication with one or more optical components within the gas discharge stage and is configured to modify at least one geometric aspect of the optical components. The control apparatus is communication with the sensing apparatus and the adjustment apparatus and is configured to provide a signal to the adjustment apparatus based on an output from the sensing apparatus.

A laser device (100), being configured for generating laser pulses by Ken lens based mode locking, comprises a laser resonator (10) with a plurality of resonator mirrors (11.1, 11.2, 11.3) spanning a resonator beam path (12), a solid state gain medium (20) being arranged in the laser resonator (10), a Kerr medium device (30) being arranged with a distance from the gain medium (20) in the laser resonator (10), wherein the Kerr medium device (30) includes at least one Ken medium being arranged in a focal range of the resonator beam path and being configured for forming the laser pulses by the nonlinear Kerr effect, and a loss-modulation device (31, 32) having a modulator medium, which is capable of modulating a power loss of the laser pulses generated in the laser resonator (10), wherein the Kerr medium device (30) includes the modulator medium of the loss-modulation device (31, 32) as the at least one Kerr medium having an optical non-linearity being adapted for both of creating the Kerr lens based mode-locking in the laser resonator and modulating the power loss in the laser resonator. Furthermore, a method of generating laser pulses by Kerr lens based mode locking is described, wherein a loss-modulation device (31, 32) is used for both of introducing a Ken effect in the laser resonator (10) and modulating the power loss.

A method and a system for measuring carrier-to-envelope phase fluctuations (CEP) fluctuations of a laser field, the method comprising focusing laser pulses in a solid-state material for high harmonic generation, collecting a resulting high harmonic spectrum, and inferring a relative phase of the driving field from the high harmonic spectrum. The system comprises a source of CEP stable mid-infrared laser pulses; a CEP variation unit; a solid state medium; a detector; and first focusing optics focusing pulses generated by the source into the solid state medium and second focusing optics collecting resulting harmonics generated in the solid state medium into the detector.

A handheld LIBS device and method includes a laser assembly producing two pulsed single spatial mode output beams and a focusing optic which combines the two pulsed single spatial mode output beams at a focal point at a sample. The laser assembly includes a laser assembly housing with an output coupler window for the two pulsed single spatial mode output beams, a gain medium in the laser assembly housing between the output coupler window and an adjustable prism mount in the laser assembly housing holding a prism configured to establish two light paths through the gain medium, a source in the laser assembly housing providing pump energy to the gain medium, and a Q-switch positioned between the prism and the gain medium.

A laser projector steers a pulsed laser beam to form a pattern of stationary dots on an object, the pulsed laser beam having a periodicity determined based at least in part on a maximum allowable spacing of the dots and on a maximum angular velocity at which the beam can be steered, wherein a pulse width of the laser beam and a pulse peak power of the laser beam are based at least in part on the determined periodicity and on laser safety requirements.

An additive manufacturing system may include an irradiation device configured to emit an energy beam having a manufacturing power level selected to additively manufacturing a three-dimensional object by irradiating a powder material, and a controller configured to perform one or more beam alignment operations when irradiating the powder material. The irradiation device may include a beam source, one or more beam positioning elements, a beam splitter configured to split a measurement beam from the energy beam, and one or more beam sensors configured to determine one or more parameters of the measurement beam. The one or more beam alignment operations may include determining position information of the energy beam based on the one or more parameters of the measurement beam, and aligning the energy beam with an optical axis of the irradiation device by adjusting a position of the one or more beam positioning elements based on the position information.

The method comprises A method includes steps for creating at least two replicas of an input pulse to be characterised, varying the relative amplitude of the two replicas within a range, creating a nonlinear signal at each case of said amplitude variation, measuring the spectra of the nonlinear signals and recovering the spectral amplitude and phase of the input pulse with a proper algorithm. The system includes a replicator for creating at least two replicas of the input pulse and varying their relative amplitude within a range of relative amplitudes, a nonlinear medium, which obtains a nonlinear signal for each relative amplitude, and an analyzer, associated to the nonlinear signal for measuring and characterising spectrally each nonlinear signal.

A fractional handpiece and systems thereof for skin treatment include a passively Q-switched laser assembly operatively connected to a pump laser source to receive a pump laser beam having a first wavelength and a beam splitting assembly operable to split a solid beam emitted by the passively Q-switched laser assembly and form an array of micro-beams across a segment of skin. The passively Q-switched laser assembly generates a high power sub-nanosecond pulsed laser beam having a second wavelength.

A radiation system for controlling bursts of pulses of radiation comprises: an optical element; a controller; an actuator; and a sensor. The optical element is configured to interact with the pulses of radiation to control a characteristic of the pulses of radiation, the characteristic of the pulses of radiation being dependent on a configuration of the optical element. The controller is operable to generate a control signal. The actuator is configured to receive the control signal from the controller and to control a configuration of the optical element in dependence on the control signal. The sensor is operable to determine the characteristic of pulses having interacted with the optical element. The control signal for a given pulse in a given burst is dependent on the determined characteristic of a corresponding pulse from a previous burst.